Sorting and Separating

• the dissolving solid in a solution is also known as the solute
• the liquid in which the solute dissolves in is also known as the solvent
• If a solid doesn't dissolve in a liquid then it is either a colloid or suspension.
• a colloid is when the solid particles are so small that they never settle to the bottom of the liquid.
• a suspension is when the solid particles are larger and heavier, therefore settling at the bottom.
• the scattering of light by particles is known as the Tyndall effect.
• Crystallisation is the formation of crystals of the substance that was dissolved in the liquid.
• Centrifugation is the process where a mixture is spun at high speed to separate the solids from the liquid.
• Paper chromatography is a technique used to seperate coloured mixtures using a strip of paper and a solvent (such as water of methylated spirit).
• Magnets are made up of a group of metals, standing for NICS - Nickel, Iron, Cobalt, and Steel.
• Magnets attract nickel, iron, cobalt, and steel.
• Sieving is effective in separating solid substances that differ in size.
• Chromatography is a separation technique that is used to separate different coloured pigments into their components.
• this is the scientific diagram for evaporation.

  A) evaporating dish

  B) wire gauze

  C) tripod stand

  D) bunsen burner

  E) heat-proof mat

  
• This is the scientific diagram for filtration.

  A) solvent

  B) filter paper

  C) filter funnel

  D) residue

  E) ring clamp

  F) filtrate

  G) retort stand

  H) beaker

  
• When something is insoluble, it is a solid that can't dissolve.
• When two elements combine, the result is called a compound.
• The physical property of evaporation is the boiling point.
• The physical property of filtration is the particle size.
• The physical property of sieving is the particle size.
• The physical property of centrifugation is the density.
• The physical property of magnetic separation is the magnetism.
• Decantation is used to seperate insoluble solids from liquids
• Decanting is to carefully pour the liquid from the mixture, leaving the sediment behind
• A concentrated solution is a mixture that has a large amount of dissolved solute
• A dilute solution has a small amount of solute dissolved
• A sediment is the solute that settles at the bottom in a suspension