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Biology
Communication, homeostasis and energy
Excretion
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Subdecks (2)
Kidney
Biology > Communication, homeostasis and energy > Excretion
24 cards
Liver
Biology > Communication, homeostasis and energy > Excretion
7 cards
Cards (32)
Excretion
Toxic
metabolic
waste products’ removal
Main Waste:
CO_2
from decarboxylation in respiration
Nitrogen-containing products, e.g.
ammonia
,
uric acid
, creatine and
urea
Organs:
Lungs
(remove CO_2)
Liver
(detoxify; produce urea from excess amino acids)
Kidney
(filter urea from blood; form urine)
Amino Acid
Cannot be stored
Amino group removed from each form ammonia
Toxic + soluble
Form alkaline solution
Increasing pH; change proteins' tertiary structure
Rapidly converted to urea in liver; still toxic but less soluble
CO_2
Combines with water to form
carbonic acid
Dissociates to form
hydrogen
and
hydrogen carbonate
ions (catalysed by
carbonic anhydrase
)
If pH lowers below 7.35
Respiratory acidosis
(acid blood)
Slowed breathing, drowsiness, headache and confusion
Reduces haemoglobins’ oxygen affinity
Hydrogen competes with oxygen
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