cell differentiation and specialisation

• differentiation

  process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job.
• specialised cells

  have different subcellular structures which are adapted to its role
• sperm cells function

  to get the male DNA to the female DNA
• sperm cells adaption

  long tail and a streamlined head- help swim to the egg

  lots of mitochondria-provide energy needed

  enzymes- digest through the egg cell membrane
• nerve cell function

  rapid signalling
• nerve cell adaption

  branched connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells
• muscle cell function

  contract quickly
• muscle cell adaption

  long for space to contract and contain lots of mitochondria to create energy needed to contract
• root hair cell function

  absorb water and minerals
• root hair cell adaptation

  long and stick out the soil for a large surface area
• phloem and xylem cell function

  transport substances around plants
• phloem and xylem adaptation

  xylem cells are hollow and phloem cells have few subcellular substances so stuff can flow through