Classification

• Why did scientists realize the need for classification of species?


  Scientists realized that many species have characteristics in common.
• What classification system did Carl Linnaeus develop?


  • Divided organisms into two kingdoms: Animalia and Plantae
  • Further divided into categories: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
• What mnemonic can help remember the classification categories developed by Linnaeus?

  The mnemonic is "King Phillip came over for good soup."
• What is the binomial naming system?


  It is a system where every organism is named using its genus and species.
• What is a key fact about Linnaeus's classification system?

  It is based on observable characteristics such as body shape
• What major advances in biology have occurred since Linnaeus's time?


  Scientists can now use microscopes to examine internal structures and analyze biochemistry, including DNA.
• What are the three domains in the three domain classification system?


  1. Archaea: Primitive bacteria often found in extreme conditions
  2. Bacteria: True bacteria, such as those in the human digestive system
  3. Eukaryota: Includes animals, plants, fungi, and protists like amoeba
• How do scientists use evolutionary trees?


  Scientists use evolutionary trees to show how closely related organisms are to each other.
• What data do scientists use to create evolutionary trees for living organisms?


  Scientists use classification data and DNA analysis to create evolutionary trees for living organisms.
• What challenges do scientists face when creating evolutionary trees for extinct organisms?


  Scientists face challenges due to incomplete fossil records of many species.
• What does it indicate if species one and two are closely related on an evolutionary tree?


  It indicates that species one and two share a more recent common ancestor compared to species three.
• What is a common ancestor in the context of evolutionary trees?


  A common ancestor is a species from which two or more species have evolved.