Questionnaires & Interviews

• Questionnaires can include open-ended and closed questions.
• The advantages of using questionnaires in research include the ability to collect large amounts of data quickly and efficiently, while the disadvantages include potential response bias and limited depth of information.
• The different types of questions that can be included in a questionnaire are open-ended questions, closed-ended questions, multiple-choice questions, rating scale questions, and demographic questions.
• The advantages of using interviews in research include obtaining in-depth and detailed information.
• There are several types of questions that can be included in an interview, gaining an in-depth understanding of the individual.
• Interviews are valid methods for collecting data, as we gather a detailed insight into the individual's thoughts and behaviours.
• Questionnaires tend to be more reliable measures of data collection, as they use quantitative techniques to gather information.
• Likert scales and semantic differential scales can be used to collect data in questionnaires.
• Questionnaires can be ethical if socially sensitive questions are avoided.
• Questionnaires are at risk of social desirability as people may not give honest and authentic responses.
• Closed questions are more reliable, as they are easy to score and analyse findings from.
• Open-ended questions are more valid, as they give a clear insight into what people think.
• Questionnaires can collect qualitative data using open-ended questions.
• Questionnaires can collect quantitative data using closed questions or scale questions.
• Questionnaires collect data through written sources and can include open or closed questions.
• Interviews can be structured, semi-structured or unstructured.
• Interviews gather data using open-ended and closed questions, resulting in both quantitative and qualitative data.
• Structured interviews are conducted using a pre-set of standardised questions, like in a police interview.
• Semi-structured interviews use pre-set questions but allow for the conversation to deviate if necessary.
• Unstructured interviews have an aim for questions but allow the conversation to flow freely, like on a chat show.
• Interviews ensure standardisation in data collection by using a predetermined set of questions that are asked in the same order and manner to all participants, minimising bias and ensuring consistent data collection.