Preparation before Migration

• Internal clock is first set in action

  Typically involce laying down fat layers which ensures enough enrgy supply for the journey

  Moulting feathers (for birds typically) - replace flight feathers which ensure maximum flight efficiency

  May include breeding Plumage (bright coloured feathers) for spring migration
• Risks of Migration May include:

  Insufficient fat deposits for lengthy journey

  Poor condition feathers : Incomplete journey

  Possible Predation During the journey (Wound / Die)

  Too Weak / Unhealthy enough to complete the journey

  Sudden Storms may blew the migratory organism off course / kill them
• Benefits of Migration

  Avoiding extremes of changing seasonal climate e.g Winter where resources are typically scarce

  Plentiful hours of feeding at each location

  Promote survival / breeding success - Young may grow successfully rapidly and strong

  Abundant supplies usually reduce Intraspecific COmpetetion - Increase survival
• For long distance migration - for it to continue existing - the advantages must outweigh the disad. / costs
• Migration usually offers greater reproductive success compared to non-migration

  
• Navigational Methods may include:

  Landmarks - Familiar places , use as a guide - Coomonly when animal is close to home

  Solar - Sun Compass - sun moves east to weat during the day able to use -

  Stellar- (Star Patterns )When moving at night

  Magnetic - Birds, Whales, Turtles, Bees

  Chemical Traits - Scent trailes find their way to their destination

  Sonar - Sound reflection - Echolocation
• Typically Combination of method may used to get to its destination

  E.g. = Use solar but may switch to magnetic when sun s obscured / cloudy / may used landmarks to get to final destination when getting close to it