PT 2 pointers

• Biological Organization is based on a hierarchy of structural levels.
• The 12 Biological Organizations are: Atoms, Molecules, Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organ, Organ system, Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, and Biosphere.
• An atom is the smallest unit of matter. (e.g oxygen, helium)
• A Molecule is a group of atoms chemically bonded together (e.g water, chlorophyll, salt)
• An Organelle is a specialized structure found within a cell. (e.g vacuole, chloroplast, nucleus)
• A cell is the basic unit of life. (e.g Animal Cells, Plant Cells, Sperm Cells)
• A tissue is a group of specialized cells that perform a specific function. (e.g muscle tissue, skin tissue)
• An organ is a group of tissues joined to perform 1 function. (e.g brain, kidney, heart)
• An Organ system is a group of organs joined to perform a function. (e.g Nervous System, Circulatory system)
• An Organism is a living thing that is either classified to multicellular or unicellular. (e.g Humans, Animals)
• A population is a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area. (e.g All children in a city)
• A community is the interacting, living populations, that live in the same area (e.g people who live in the same neighbourhood)
• An Ecosystem is a community of all living organisms. (e.g the yosmite community)
• A Biosphere is the zone of life on planet earth. (e.g The earth's biosphere)
• A food web is a diagram that shows how different plants and animals in an ecosystem are connected by what they eat.
• The types of food web are: Topological webs, Flow webs, and Interaction web.
• In a food chain, there are producers, consumers, and decomposers.
• The three types of consumers are carnivores, herbivores, and omnivores.
• A food chain is a simplified way to look at the energy that passes from producers to consumers.
• The types of food chains are: Aquatic and Terrestrial.
• Binary fission happens when the organism just splits into two. (e.g bacteria)
• Budding happens when the organism doesn't split into two and only a small piece of organism falls off. (e.g yeast)
• Asexual reproduction is when the parent and the resulting offspring have one gene.
• Sporulation is the formation of spores. This is when the individual develops like a fungi. (e.g mushrooms)
• Regeneration happens when a part of the parent's body breaks off and develops again. (e.g starfish)
• Vegetative propagation happens when a new plant produces from a fragment of the parent plant. (e.g strawberry)
• Sexual reproduction involves 2 parents and have more complex organisms. They undergo the process of pollination and fertilization .