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Biology
Biology paper 1
blood vessels
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Created by
Grace Abodunwa
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Cards (19)
What system did we introduce in the last video?
The
circulatory system
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What is the primary function of the
heart
in the
circulatory system
?
It acts as the system's pump
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What are the three types of blood vessels discussed in this video?
Arteries
,
capillaries
, and
veins
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What is the role of
arteries
in the
circulatory system
?
Carry blood away from the heart
Transport oxygenated blood (except
pulmonary arteries
)
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What is the role of
capillaries
in the circulatory system?
Exchange nutrients and oxygen with tissues
Remove waste products like
carbon dioxide
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What is the role of veins in the
circulatory system
?
Carry blood back to the heart
Transport
deoxygenated
blood (except
pulmonary
veins)
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Why do
arteries
need to be strong and elastic?
To withstand
high pressures
from blood pumped out of the
heart
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What structural features help
arteries
manage high blood pressure?
Thick layers of
muscle
and
elastic tissue
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What is the
lumen
of a
blood vessel
?
The hole or space in the middle of the vessel
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How are
capillaries
adapted for their function?
They have walls that are a single cell thick and are
permeable
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What happens to
blood pressure
as it moves from
arteries
to
capillaries
?
It decreases
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Why do
capillaries
have a large total
cross-sectional area
?
To allow for lower blood pressure and slower flow for
exchange
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What is the primary function of
veins
?
To transport blood back to the
heart
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What structural features do
veins
have to assist their function?
Thin walls, large lumens, and
valves
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What is the purpose of
valves
in
veins
?
To prevent blood from flowing backwards
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How do you calculate the
rate
of blood flow?
By dividing the
volume
of blood by the
time
taken
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If 2500 ml of blood passes through the
aorta
in 8 minutes, what is the rate of blood flow?
320
ml/min
320 \text{ ml/min}
320
ml/min
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What are the key differences between arteries, capillaries, and veins?
Arteries
: Thick walls, high pressure, carry blood away from the heart
Capillaries
: Thin walls, low pressure, exchange
substances
Veins
: Thin walls, large lumens, carry blood back to the heart with valves
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What is the largest artery in the body?
The
aorta
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