2.5 Storing Memory

• Semantic Memory

  -Type of long-term memory that involves the storage of general knowledge & facts about the world.

  -Ex: Paris is the capital of France.
• Flashbulb memory


  • a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.
  • Example: falling off of a rooftop. Burned into your brain.
• Episodic Memory


  -type of long-term memory that involves the recollection of personal experiences & specific events

  -mentally time travel to remember past events

  -Ex: Remembering your trip to Paris.
• The brain regions that process and store explicit memories...

  Hippocampus and frontal lobes
• The Hippocampus


  -Explicit memories for facts and episodes are processed in the hippocampus and fed to other brain regions for storage.
• After hippocampus memories migrate to the cortex for storage is called?


  -memory consollidation (sleep)
• The Cerebellum plays a key role in forming and storing the implicit memories created by classical conditioning.
• The basal ganglia


  -deep brain structure involved in motor movement, facilitate formation of our procedural memories or skills.

  -Example: how to ride a bike
• Stress provokes the amygdala to initiate a memory trace (a lasting physical change as the memory forms) that boots activity in the brain's memory forming areas.

  -"Brain, encode this moment for future reference!"

  -Emotional arousal can sear(marked by extreme intensity) certain events into the brain.
• "Stronger emotional experiences make for stronger, more reliable memories"
• Rehearsal


  -memory technique that helps with encoding and storing information.

  -2 types
• Maintenance Rehearsal


  -shallow form of rehearsal involving simple repetition of information.

  -Ex: saying a phone # repeatedly before dialing it in.
• Elaborative Rehearsal


  -deeper more effective rehearsal technique. Relating new info to prior knowledge, finding meaning and making connections.

  -Ex: relating psychological terms to real life examples.
• Autobiographical Memory


  -Type of long-term memory that consists of memories related to personal life experiences & events.

  -2 types: Episodic and Semantic
• Superior Autobiographical Memory


  -A rare condition where an individual can recall personal experiences and events in vivid detail of almost everyday.
• Retrograde Amnesia


  -form of memory loss in which an individual cannot recall information or events before the onset of amnesia.

  -effects episodic memories.
• Anterograde Amnesia


  -inability to form new long-term memories, following onset of amnesia

  -damage to hippocampus
• Alzheimer's Disease


  -brain cells die

  -decline in cognitive function, memory, and the ability to perform tasks
• Infantile Amnesia


  -can't recall memories from early years of life 3-4 age
• Classical Conditioning


  -connecting 2 stimuli together because they happen together repeatedly.

  -Ex: dogs linking the sounds of bell to getting food.