Zimbardo

• What was the aim of the Zimbardo Prison Experiment?

  To investigate causes of brutality among guards
• What was the hypothesis of the Zimbardo Prison Experiment?

  Social roles and environment lead to extreme behaviors
• What were the roles assigned to participants in the experiment?

  • Prisoner
  • Police officer
• How much were participants paid in the Zimbardo Prison Experiment?

  $15 a day
• How were the prisoners treated upon entering the simulated prison?

  They were fingerprinted and photographed
• What identification method was used for prisoners?

  They used given ID numbers
• What was the purpose of the guards' uniforms and sunglasses?

  To prevent eye contact and enhance authority
• How many guards were there in the experiment?

  11 guards
• What was a common disciplinary method used by guards?

  Physical punishment through push-ups
• What event occurred on day 2 of the experiment?

  Inmates started to riot and barricade themselves
• Why was the experiment terminated early?

  Due to excessive aggression and emotional breakdowns
• What did the conclusion of the experiment reveal?

  • People conform to expected social roles
  • Stereotypes influence behavior
  • Anonymity leads to deindividuation
• What does deindividuation refer to in the context of the experiment?

  Lack of personal identity leading to conformity
• Who disagreed with the idea of automatic role conformity?

  Haslam & Reicher
• What did Haslam & Reicher argue about the guards' behavior?

  Guards chose how to act, not blindly followed roles
• Why was the study considered unethical?

  Participants faced mental and physical stress
• What was one consequence for prisoners during the experiment?

  Some showed signs of psychotic distress
• How did Zimbardo's involvement affect the study?

  It introduced researcher bias into the results
• What were the ethical concerns regarding participant recruitment?

  • Participants were arrested from home
  • Unannounced recruitment could damage reputations
• What was the condition under which torture occurred at Abu Ghraib?

  Due to lack of training and social order
• What actions were reported at Abu Ghraib prison?

  Torture, rape, and electrocution of civilians
• How did the military's orders relate to the Zimbardo experiment?

  Similar orders led to abusive behavior
• What are the main ethical criticisms of the Stanford Prison Experiment?

  • Participants experienced mental distress
  • Recruitment methods were unethical
  • Researcher bias affected results