Les 3-5

• Many of the first people to operate x-ray machines had no connection whatsoever to the medical profession. ….Because radiography was considered a form of photography at the time, professional photographers were among the first to purchase and operate x-ray equipment. Studios conducting business in "Roentgen photography" sprang up in America and Europe to entertain a public curious to view their bones
• Quickly, however, the x-ray was put to use for more serious purposes

  — to diagnose and treat illness.

  • As the technology gained popularity in the 1900s, most medical x-ray

  equipment was owned and operated by independent businessmen,

  including chemists, engineers and electricians. Physicians would send

  patients to these x-ray operators for diagnostic and therapeutic

  services.

  • By the 1910s, however, a number of physicians began to purchase

  their own x-ray machines to install in their medical offices.
• 
  

  • A few even began to specialize as radiologists.

  • In the beginning, these physicians operated the x-ray equipment

  themselves. ……they gradually found more and more of their time was

  being eaten up by the mechanics of the x-ray machine, leaving less

  time for patient contact and treatment.
• •  It didn't take long for these physicians to realize that to make

  the most effective use of their x-ray equipment, someone else

  had to handle the time-consuming tasks of performing x-ray

  examinations and developing films. The task most often fell to

  their office assistants.

  • Across the country, physicians recruited their receptionists

  and secretaries to crank the handle of the static machine,

  pose as subjects and rock the developer pan. These assistants

  usually had no knowledge of human anatomy or illness; they

  merely operated the equipment.
• • Hospitals, clinics and the physicians lucky enough to employ

  nurses quickly put them to work as x-ray technicians, for they

  at least had medical training.
• • These pioneer technicians had a heavy load to bear. The vast majority

  were women, and they were expected not only to operate the x-ray

  equipment, but also to perform routine machine maintenance.

  • These first technicians also worked in a climate indifferent to radiation

  protection, and the death toll among them was high. It wasn't until

  nearly 20 years after Roentgen's discovery that precautions such as

  lead aprons and film badges came into widespread use.
• Because instructional manuals were rare, the first technicians learned

  positioning and exposure techniques via the "hunch method."
• The plight of the undereducated, overworked x-ray technician was

  largely ignored until the 1920s, when the persistent work of one

  man — Eddy C. Jerman — finally brought education, organization

  and legitimacy to the x-ray technician.
• In October 1920, Jerman and 13 technician acquaintances — half of whom were women— met in Chicago to establish the first national technician society, the American Association of Radiological Technicians. The society was created "for the purpose of affording technicians an opportunity for the interchange of thoughts and ideas concerned with radiologic technique.“
• The new society offered knowledge-hungry technologists the opportunity to meet and share technical advice. This process was formalized in 1929 with the debut of the society's journal, The X-Ray Technician.
• In 1968, ASRT asked the federal government to establish standards regulating the licensure of radiologic technologists. At the time, the U.S. Public Health Service estimated that there were more than 100,000 operators of x-ray equipment in the country, but only about 55,000 were certified
• IN THE PHILIPPINES

  • Pioneers of the PCR (1948)

  “The Magnificent Seven”

  Dr. Paterno Chikiamco – President

  Dr. Ramon Paterno – Secretary

  Dr. Paulino J. Garcia – Member

  Dr. Daniel Ledesma, Sr. – member

  Dr. Carlos Marquez – Member

  Dr. Carlos Vergel De Dios – Member

  Dr. Hilario Zialcita - Member
• First Filipino X-ray Technologist

  FELIPE SOMERA

  • a nurse at Philippine General Hospital
  • Assigned by the division of Nursing as a technician at the Physical Therapy, Radium and X-ray section, under the Department of Medicine of PGH
  • Studied dentistry during his off duty hours and became licensed dentist.
  • He retired as X-ray Technician in 1960s
• In 1969, Mr. Norberto A. Palomo after coming from the 4th World Congress of ISRRT in Tokyo, Japan with three officers of the society (PHISMERT) Serafin P. Ocampo, Benjamin Hernandez and Jayne Villarino formulated a curriculum for X-ray Technology Education which was extracted from the

  curricula of Australia, England, Singapore and Japan.

  • With the support of the late Dr. Jose T. Gaffud, as senior resident of UP-PGH Medical Center, the petition to open the first formal education for 2 year curriculum in X-ray Technology was granted by the Department of Education Culture and Sports (DECS).
• On September 9, 1969, the Department of Education, Bureau of Private Schools, approved a permit to open the first school of x-ray technology at the FAMILY CLINIC and HOSPITAL.

  • PIONEER EDUCATORS

  Norberto A. Palomo – Principal

  Dr. Jose T. Gaffud – Radiologist/Professor

  Eng. Luciano N. Niguidula – Physicist/Professor

  Oscar C. Romero – Legal Officer / Instructor

  Serafin P. Ocampo - Radiologic Technologist/Instructor

  Elsa Aguila – Nurse/Instructor

  Dr. Roberto Reodica – Radiologist / Professor
• INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF RADIOGRAPHERS & RADIOLOGIC TECHOLOGISTS

  • The ISRRT was founded in 1962 as a non-profit organization, and now has over 90 Member Societies representing more than 86 countries, over 500,000 Society members and in excess of 18,000 Associate Members.

  • The ISRRT is UK based registered Charity (Registration number 276218) and a not-for-profit organization.

  • ISRRT is the only organization representing all disciplines of Medical Radiation Technologists internationally.
• The American Society of Radiologic Technologists is the world's largest and oldest membership association for medical imaging technologists and radiation therapists. Founded in 1920, the ASRT now has more than 156,000 members.
• 3 Societies emerges:

  
  

  1. The Philippine Society of Medical Radiologic Technologists (PHISMERT)

  - President, Norberto A. Palomo

  2. Philippine Society of Radiologic Technologists (PSRT)

  - President, Gilberto Palomique

  3. Philippine Institute of Radiologic Technologist (PIRT)

  - President, MSGT. Almario Lutap

  
  

  from V. Luna General Hospital Armed Forces of the Philippines
• Gilbert Palomique - 1st president, PART
• JOSE L. CERVANTES

  • Philippine Heart Center
  • President of the Fil-American Society of Radiologic Technologists.
• MR. SANTOS RAGASA

  • Chief Tech of the Manila Health Department
  • Instrumental in the passage of R.A. 7431
• MR. BENITO RINGOR

  • Dagupan
• MR. GABRIEL MENDOZA

  • Chief Tech of Singian General Hospital
  • OIC, College of RT of the Perpetual Help College (Binan)
• BERNARDO RAMOS
• MR. FELIX CASTILLO

  • OIC, College of RT of St. Jude College
• JOSE L. CERVANTES
• MR. SANTOS P. RAGASA
• MR. JACK C. LAPPAY

  • St. Jude College
  • Longest term president
  • In his incumbency that RT was professionalized with the passage of the R.A. 7431
  • Honorable member of the Board of RT
• MR. ROLANDO BAŃARES

  -Chief Tech. of Martinez Memorial Hospital and Ospital ng Tondo
• Mr. Alfonso Abrigo

  • Product of the first school in the Phil. FCHRT
  • One of the successful fil in the west coast of US
  • successfully put up his own company of tele-imaging in the US
• WHO – World Health Organization
• • ISR – International Society of Radiologists
• • IAEA – International Atomic Energy Agency
• • ECR – European Congress of Radiology
• • IRQN – The International Radiology Quality Network
• • RSNA – Radiological Society of North America
• • EFRS - European Federation Radiography Societies
• PSGRT (Phil. Society of Government Radiologic Technologists.),
• SPERT (Society of Privately Employed Radiologic Technologists)
• PSRTP (Phil. Society of Radiologic Technology Professors).