Geography

• What is the meaning of the word "Geography" as defined by the Ancient Greeks?

  Geography is derived from "Geo" meaning earth and "Graphos" meaning writing.
• How did Eratosthenes define Geography?

  Eratosthenes defined Geography as the field of study that deals with the description of the earth.
• What are the reasons for the variation in definitions of Geography by different scholars?

  The variation is attributed to the wider scope of geography and its dynamic content.
• What is the widely accepted definition of Geography?

  Geography is the scientific study of the earth that describes and analyzes spatial and temporal variations of phenomena.
• What is the scope of Geography?

  • Geography studies physical and human features of the world.
  • It examines causes, effects, and interrelations.
  • It includes hydrosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, and noosphere.
  • It addresses economic, social, political, and ecological problems.
  • It utilizes modern technology like GPS and GIS.
• What does the hydrosphere include?

  The hydrosphere includes all bodies of water, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers.
• What does the biosphere refer to?

  The biosphere refers to all living organisms in and on earth.
• What does the atmosphere include?

  The atmosphere includes all aspects of air composition surrounding our planet.
• What is the lithosphere?

  The lithosphere is the solid part of the earth that covers the entire surface of the planet.
• What is the annosphere?

  The annosphere is the part of the environment that is made or modified by humans.
• What are the major areas that geography focuses on?

  • The earth and its position in the universe.
  • Physical features and their changes over time.
  • Relationships between humans and their natural environment.
  • Weather and climate conditions.
  • Materials that make up the earth and land forms.
  • Major economic activities and their environmental impact.
• What are the branches of geography?

  • Physical Geography: studies natural features and processes.
  • Human Geography: studies human aspects and their interactions.
  • Subfields include geomorphology, climatology, biogeography, and more.
• What does geomorphology study?

  Geomorphology studies landforms, their origin, and the forces that change them.
• What does climatology study?

  Climatology studies factors that create climate and its variations.
• What does biogeography deal with?

  Biogeography deals with the distribution of plants and animals.
• What is the focus of cultural geography?

  Cultural geography examines the distribution and interactions of culture, including beliefs and customs.
• What does population geography concern itself with?

  Population geography is concerned with population distribution and factors affecting it.
• What does economic geography study?

  Economic geography studies production, consumption, and the spatial distribution of goods and services.
• What does political geography deal with?

  Political geography deals with the distribution of political systems and how people use them to exercise power.
• What does urban geography study?

  Urban geography studies the development and characteristics of towns and cities.
• What is historical geography?

  Historical geography is the study of the geography of the past and how human activity has changed over time.
• How is location expressed in geography?

  Location is expressed in relative location and absolute location.
• What is relative location?

  Relative location refers to the position of a place in relation to other geographic features.
• What is vicinal location?

  Vicinal location shows the location of a country in relation to neighboring countries.
• What is strategic location?

  Strategic location describes a country's location in reference to water bodies and landmasses.
• What is the total length of Ethiopia's boundary line?

  The total length of Ethiopia's boundary line is 5260 km.
• Which country shares the longest boundary line with Ethiopia?

  Somalia shares the longest boundary line with Ethiopia.
• Which country shares the shortest boundary line with Ethiopia?

  Djibouti shares the shortest boundary line with Ethiopia.
• What is the absolute location of Ethiopia?

  Ethiopia is located between 3°N-15°N latitudes and 33°-48° longitudes.
• What are the extreme points of Ethiopia?

  The extreme points are Tigray (north), Moyale (south), Gab Akbo (west), and Ogaden (east).
• What are the indicators of compactness of a country?

  1. Boundary circumference ratio.
  2. Area boundary ratio.
  3. Actual area to area of inscribing circle ratio.
• What is the area of Ethiopia?

  The area of Ethiopia is 1,106,000 km².
• What is the boundary length of Ethiopia?

  The boundary length of Ethiopia is 5260 km.
• What does the geological history of Ethiopia involve?

  The geological history of Ethiopia is part of the geological processes that acted on the earth's surface over millions of years.
• What are the four major geological eras?

  1. Precambrian era
  2. Paleozoic era
  3. Mesozoic era
  4. Cenozoic era
• What characterizes the Precambrian era?

  The Precambrian era is the oldest era, covering about 5/6 of the earth's geological time.
• What geological events occurred during the Precambrian era?

  Frequent orogenic movements, intensive volcanic activities, and the formation of folded mountains occurred during this era.
• What is the significance of the Paleozoic era?

  The Paleozoic era is known for the development of significant geological formations and the emergence of diverse life forms.
• What events characterized the Mesozoic era?

  The Mesozoic era was marked by the alternation of landmass sinking and uplifting, leading to significant sedimentary rock formations.
• What geological events occurred during the Cenozoic era?

  Significant climatic and biological events occurred, leading to the development of young landforms in Ethiopia.