Psychopharmacology
Cards (16)
- Neurotransmitter - chemical substances manufactured in the neuron that aid in the transmission of information throughout the body.
- Neurotransmitter - stimulate an action in the cells (excitatory) or stop an action (inhibitory)
- Dopamine - a pleasure neurotransmitter or reward neurotransmitter.
- Antipsychotic medications work by blocking dopamine receptors and reducing dopamine activityReason: High level of dopamine can cause Schizophrenia and addiction
- Norepinephrine - most prevalent neurotransmitter, located primarily in the brain stem.Note: Norepinephrine is responsible for mood regulation.
- Epinephrine - also known as noradrenaline and adrenaline, controls the "fight or flight response" in the PNS.Note: Pagmataas ang fight or flight response, meaning mataas din ang epinephrine level sa katawan, as well as the VS.
- Serotonin - a happy hormone and can be found only in the brain. It is derived from tryptophan, a common dietary amino acid that you can get in "banana"
- Acetylcholine - responsible for movement process as well as memory.
- AcetylcholineNote: Studies shown that people with Alzheimer's disease have decreased acetylcholine secreting neurons.
- Glutamate - is an excitatory amino acid that at high levels can have major neurotoxic effects.
- Glutamate - is harmful that can destroy the Blood Brain Barriers, and high level of this can cause neurodegeneration.
- Gamma-aminobutyric Acid - is the reason why people tend to have "anxiety" because of low GABA
- Notes: Drugs that increase GABA function; "benzodiazepines" are used to treat anxiety and to induce sleep.
- Black-box warning (lethal medication) drugs is found to gave serious or life threatening side effects.
- Note: Black-box warning are mostly Antianxiety drugs
- DANGS-SAMAD
- (increased)Dopamine-> Schizophrenia
- (decreased)Acetylcholine-> Alzheimer's
- (increased) Norepinephrine-> Mania or mood swings (Bipolar)->(impulsive or full of energy)
- (decreased) GABA-> Anxiety
- (decreased) Serotonin-> Depression