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• What is a conceptual framework?

  A visual or narrative representation outlining key concepts and their relationships in the study
• How does a conceptual framework help in research?

  It helps to organize the research
• What is the meaning of a theoretical framework?

  It provides a foundation for the research based on existing theories
• What role does a theoretical framework play in research?

  It guides the study's focus and methodology
• What is a hypothesis?

  A specific, testable statement predicting the outcome of the research
• What does an alternative hypothesis suggest?

  It suggests there is an effect or a relationship, opposing the null hypothesis
• What is the purpose of the definition of terms in research?

  To clarify key terms and concepts used in the study
• What does research design refer to?

  The overall strategy for conducting the research
• What is true experimental design?

  Involves random assignment to groups and manipulation of an independent variable
• How is true experimental design classified?

  It is classified as experimental
• What is quasi-experimental design?

  Similar to experimental design but lacks random assignment
• When is quasi-experimental design used?

  When randomization is not feasible
• What is descriptive research?

  Aims to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon without manipulating variables
• How is descriptive research classified?

  It is classified as non-experimental
• What is correlation research?

  Examines the relationship between two or more variables without implying causation
• How is correlation research classified?

  It is classified as non-experimental
• What is ex post facto research?

  Analyzes data after the fact, looking at existing groups to find relationships or effects
• How is ex post facto research classified?

  It is classified as non-experimental
• What are random sampling techniques?

  Each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
• What is the benefit of random sampling techniques?

  It helps to reduce bias
• What are non-random sampling techniques?

  Members are selected based on non-random criteria
• What is a potential drawback of non-random sampling techniques?

  They may introduce bias
• What are the types of quantitative research designs?

  1. True Experimental Design
  2. Quasi-Experimental Design
  3. Descriptive Research
  4. Correlation Research
  5. Ex Post Facto Research
• What are the classifications of research designs?

  • Experimental: True Experimental Design, Quasi-Experimental Design
  • Non-experimental: Descriptive Research, Correlation Research, Ex Post Facto Research
• What is the definition of a population in research?

  The target group that a researcher is interested in studying
• What is a sample in research?

  The group that is supposed to represent the population
• Who are participants or respondents in research?

  A general term for those who provide the data for researchers
• What is a Random Number Table used for?

  It is used as a tool for selecting the sample
• How does Simple Random Sampling work?

  Slips of paper with names are picked from a container
• What distinguishes random selection from non-random sampling techniques?

  The element of chance in selecting participants
• What is Simple Random Sampling?

  The sampling technique where everybody in the population is given an equal chance to be a member of a sample
• What is Purposive Sampling also known as?

  Judgmental Sampling
• When is Purposive Sampling most appropriate?

  For studying the social characteristics of people 90 years old and above
• What is Convenience Sampling?

  The preferred group of data source due to ease, convenience, efficiency, and manageability