volcanoes

• What are the four monitoring and prediction strategies for volcanoes?


  These are thermometer, tiltmeter, seismometer and gas trapping bottle
• How is a tiltmeter used?

  this a piece of scientific equipment placed on the ground near a volcano to see if the ground is changing shape. if it is changing shape and bulging it suggests that magma is rising ready to erupt.
• How is a seismometer used?


  This is a piece of scientific equipment that measures the size of the earthquake. The volcanologist will use this after an earthquake. If there has been a recent earthquake it could trigger a volcano, causing an eruption.
• How is a thermometer used?

  this is a piece of scientific equipment that measures the temperature of the water in rivers or streams near volcanoes. Volcanologists use this to see if there us an increase in the temperature of water. If the temp has increased it suggests that the magma is rising to the surface initially heating up the water indicating the volcano is ready to erupt.
• How is a gas trapping bottle used?


  This is a piece of scientific equipment that detects changes in gases released by the volcano. Volcanologist will use this to see if sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide are being released. If there is it could suggest a volcanic eruption is imminent.
• What are the three planning strategies for volcanoes?

  These are land use zoning, evacuation and education
• What is land use zoning?

  Land use zoning is a planning strategy that determines which areas of land are safe to build on. This means that farmland maybe used in high risk zones due to the highly fertile soil whereas residential areas in low risk zones to keep safe. This significantly reduces the chance of homes being destroyed and people getting injured.
• What is evacuation?

  Evacuation is a planning strategy which moves people from a dangerous to a safe area. This means people are properly alerted via text or announcement to move the volcanic area as soon as possible. This greatly reduces the death toll and amount of people getting injured it also reduces stress as people are being warned.
• What is education?

  Education on preventing injury and loss of life is a planning strategy where people are taught how to be prepared for /how to keep safe in the case of a volcanic eruption. This means that if people are taught on things such as what to put in an evacuation kit, to know their nearest evacuation centre or how to wear goggles or gas masks will significantly help them to keep safe during eruptions. This majorly reduces the amount of injuries and death from inhaling smoke or from falling ash.
• Why might the government not use protection strategies in the case of a volcanic eruption?


  because protection strategies are highly expensive e.g. having better buildings and homes is really expensive especially for LIC's so instead they use planning strategies. Also lava is really slow moving so the people will have enough time to evacuate
• What are the three reason people continue to live in areas at risk of volcanic eruptions?

  geothermal energy, farming and tourism
• Reason: Geothermal energy?

  geothermal energy is produced in volcanic areas

  this means the electricity is renewable so can be produced non stop meaning people have a reliable source of energy
• Reason: Farming?

  There is fertile soil near volcanoes due to volcanic ash

  This allows crops to grow meaning farmers can make money and there's food for locals reducing famines and poverty
• Reason: Tourism?

  Lots of tourists come to see volcanoes

  People in the workforces such as volcanologists, tour guides and shop owners will be able to make money due to the high amount of tourists. This increases income and profit which decreases poverty.