Monosaccharides and Disaccharides

• What is the simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of single sugar units?

  Monosaccharides
• What is the type of carbohydrates that is formed by the linkage of two monosaccharides?

  Disaccharides
• What is the other term for monosaccharides, that cannot be broken down into simpler carbohydrates?

  Simple Sugar
• What are examples of monosaccharides?

  Glucose, Fructose, Ribose, Xylose, Mannose
• What are the classifications of monosaccharides base on the type of Carbonyl Group?

  Aldose, Ketose
• Aldoses - the type of monosaccharides where their carbonyl group is at the terminal carbon
• What are two forms of Monosaccharides?

  Straight-chain, Cyclic
• Furanose - a cyclic form with a five-membraned ring
• Pyranose - a cyclic form with a six-membraned ring
• Disaccharides - carbohydrates formed by linking two monosaccharides through dehydration reaction
• Glycosidic Bonds - formed by condensation reactions between two monosaccharides
• What are common disaccharides?

  Sucrose, Maltose, Lactose
• Sucrose - it is purified from sugar cane or sugar beets
• Maltose - a product of starch digestions and may be purified from barley and other grains
• Lactose - found in milk, and is an isomer of sucrose