gunderson et al

• What was the main aim of Gunderson's study?

  To investigate the impact of praising children in a natural setting on their behavior
• What are the two types of praise focused on in the study?

  Person praise and process praise
• How does person praise affect a child's mindset?

  It leads to a fixed mindset
• What is the effect of process praise on a child's perception of ability?

  It suggests that ability is changeable and more likely to succeed
• How many boys and girls participated in the study?

  29 boys and 24 girls
• What was studied in Gunderson's research?

  Parental praise patterns
• What did participants believe the study was about?

  Language development
• At what age were children asked about their ideas regarding intelligence and morality?

  1. 8 years old
• What percentage of parental comments were classified as praise?

  3%
• What percentage of parental comments were process praise?

  18%
• What percentage of parental comments were person praise?

  16%
• How did the percentage of process praise differ between boys and girls?

  24.4% for boys compared to 10.3% for girls
• What relationship was observed between parents' use of process praise and children's motivation?

  There was a clear relationship with a child's later use of an incremental motivational framework
• Were the study's aims fully supported?

  No, they were only partially supported
• What was found regarding boys and their motivational framework compared to girls?

  Boys received more process praise and tended to have more of an incremental framework
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of Gunderson's study?

  Strengths:

  • Avoided bias in data gathering
  • Conducted in a naturalistic setting

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Potential ethical issues
  • Small sample size limiting generalizability
  • Parents may have changed behavior unknowingly
• What ethical issues were mentioned regarding the study?

  Potential unethical practices by researchers and participants
• How did the small sample size affect the study's findings?

  It limited the generalizability of the findings
• What could have caused a lack of validity in the study?

  Parents could have changed behavior without knowing what was observed
• What year was Gunderson et al’s study?

  2013