2.1

• When was the printing press invented?

  1451
• How did the printing press revolutionize knowledge access?

  It enabled quick and inexpensive printing
• What invention allowed for closer study of the human body?

  The microscope
• What significant change did the microscope bring to medical practices?

  It allowed doctors to dissect bodies without church control
• Who is known as the father of modern human anatomy?

  Vesalius
• What did Vesalius use to create anatomically correct drawings?

  Human bodies
• How did Vesalius challenge Galen's ideas about anatomy?

  He discovered that Galen's ideas were incorrect through dissection
• In what year did Vesalius publish his drawings?

  1543
• What was the title of Vesalius' book?

  The Fabric of the Human Body
• What modern technology did Vesalius use for dissections?

  Scalpels
• Who proved that blood flowed around the body in one direction?

  Harvey
• How did Harvey demonstrate blood flow in the body?

  By trying to pump liquid in a vein the wrong way
• What was Harvey's contribution to blood transfusions?

  His discoveries were vital for blood transfusions, tests, and treatments
• How long did it take Harvey to publish his theory?

  12 years
• What happened to Harvey's ideas when he published them in 1628?

  His ideas were rejected as he went against Galen
• What is Pare known as?

  The father of modern-day surgery
• What new discovery did Pare make in 1537?

  Wound ointment made from egg whites, rose oil, and turpentine
• What technique did Pare reintroduce to stop blood loss?

  Sewing up arteries with silk threads
• What did Pare invent to assist in surgery?

  The crows beak clamp
• What was the impact of Vesalius' book 'Works on Surgery' published in 1575?

  It spread rapidly due to the printing press and contained anatomical drawings
• How did the printing press affect the dissemination of Vesalius' anatomical drawings?

  It allowed for rapid spread and accessibility of the drawings