Specific heat capacity

• What happens to the temperature of a substance when thermal energy is supplied?

  The temperature of the substance increases.
• How can we heat a pan of water effectively?

  By burning gas from a hob to supply heat.
• What effect does supplying more energy have on the temperature change of water?

  The greater the energy supplied, the greater the change in temperature.
• What happens when we burn more gas to produce a larger flame under the pan of water?

  The water molecules gain more kinetic energy, increasing the temperature more.
• How does the mass of water in a pan affect the temperature change when heated?

  A larger mass of water requires more energy to raise its temperature.
• What happens to the kinetic energy of water molecules when heat is supplied to a larger mass of water?

  The heat is shared among more molecules, resulting in less kinetic energy per molecule.
• What is the definition of specific heat capacity?

  • The thermal energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1° C.
• What is the specific heat capacity of water?

  4,200 J/kg°C.
• How much energy is required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water by 1° C?

  4,200 J of heat energy.
• How does the specific heat capacity affect the heating of substances with different materials?

  Objects with smaller specific heat capacities require less energy to increase their temperature.
• What is the specific heat capacity of steel?

  450 J/kg°C.
• What is the specific heat capacity of foam?

  1,300 J/kg°C.
• How does the arrangement of atoms in steel affect its specific heat capacity?

  Steel's rigid atomic arrangement results in a lower specific heat capacity.
• How does the specific heat capacity of ice compare to that of water and water vapor?

  Ice has a specific heat capacity of 2,100 J/kg°C, water 4,200 J/kg°C, and water vapor 2,000 J/kg°C.
• What are the three states of matter for water?

  • Ice (solid)
  • Water (liquid)
  • Water vapor (gas)
• How does the specific heat capacity change when water changes states?

  The specific heat capacity varies between ice, water, and water vapor.
• What is the specific heat capacity of ice?

  2,100 J/kg°C.
• What is the specific heat capacity of water vapor?

  2,000 J/kg°C.
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