Naming salts

• What is the purpose of indicators in chemistry?

  Indicators are used to determine whether a solution is acidic or alkaline.
• What do acids produce when they react with metals, bases, and carbonates?

  Acids react with metals, bases, and carbonates to produce salts.
• What is neutralisation in chemistry?

  Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and a base.
• What is the general reaction formula for an acid reacting with a metal oxide?

  • Acid + metal oxide → salt + water
  • Example: H₂SO₄ + CuO → CuSO₄ + H₂O
• What is produced when an acid reacts with an alkali?

  A salt and water are produced when acids react with alkalis.
• What is the general reaction formula for an acid reacting with an alkali?

  • Acid + alkali → salt + water
  • Example: HNO₃ + NaOH → NaNO₃ + H₂O
• What products are formed when acids react with carbonates?

  A salt, water, and carbon dioxide are produced when acids react with carbonates.
• What is the general reaction formula for an acid reacting with a carbonate?

  • Acid + carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide
  • Example: 2HCl + CuCO₃ → CuCl₂ + H₂O + CO₂
• What are the two parts of a salt's name?

  The first part comes from the base, alkali, or metal carbonate, and the second part comes from the acid.
• What type of salt does hydrochloric acid produce?

  Hydrochloric acid produces chloride salts.
• What type of salt does nitric acid produce?

  Nitric acid produces nitrate salts.
• What type of salt does sulfuric acid produce?

  Sulfuric acid produces sulfate salts.
• What is the name of the salt formed when copper oxide reacts with nitric acid?

  The salt formed is copper nitrate.
• What is the charge of a neutral salt?

  A salt has no overall charge, as the sum of the charges on its ions is equal to zero.
• What are the charges of common ions in salts?

  • +1: K⁺, Na⁺, Li⁺
  • +2: Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺
  • +3: Al³⁺, Fe³⁺
  • -1: Cl^-, Br^-, I^-, NO₃^-
  • -2: SO₄^2-
  • -3: PO₄^3-
• How do the charges of group 1 and group 2 elements differ?

  Group 1 elements have a charge of +1, while group 2 elements have a charge of +2.
• What is the formula of aluminium sulfate?

  The formula is Al₂(SO₄)₃.
• What is the formula of magnesium chloride?

  The formula is MgCl₂.
• What is the process of making soluble salts from insoluble substances?

  1. React an acid with an insoluble base.
  2. Filter the mixture to remove excess base.
  3. Evaporate the solution to obtain the salt.