Save
Biology
Transport in Animals
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Share
Learn
Created by
oni0n.
Visit profile
Cards (59)
What is the primary function of the circulatory system in animals?
Transportation of oxygen, CO2, water, and nutrients
View source
Why is diffusion insufficient for substance transport in multicellular animals?
Because animals are
multicellular,
making diffusion
slow
and
inefficient
View source
What are the three main components of the transport system in animals?
Heart
(pump)
Blood vessels
Blood
View source
How many components does blood have?
Four
components
View source
What are the four components of blood?
Red blood cells
,
white blood cells
,
plasma,
and
platelets
View source
What pigment is found in red blood cells that gives them their color?
Haemoglobin
View source
What is the lifespan of a red blood cell?
4
months
(90-120 days)
View source
Where are red blood cells made?
In the
bone marrow
View source
What is the shape of a red blood cell?
Bi-concave
shape
View source
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
To transport
oxygen
around the body
View source
What is the role of white blood cells?
To fight off
disease-causing
organisms (
pathogens)
View source
What are the two main types of white blood cells?
Phagocytes
and
lymphocytes
View source
What do phagocytes do?
Engulf
pathogens
View source
Where are phagocytes made?
In the
bone marrow
View source
What is the function of lymphocytes?
To produce
antibodies
View source
Where are lymphocytes made?
In the
lymphatic system
or
spleen
View source
What is the function of platelets?
To
clot
blood
View source
What are platelets made from?
Fragments
of cells made in
bone marrow
View source
What is the composition of plasma?
90%
water and
10%
dissolved substances
View source
What are some substances transported by plasma?
Water,
minerals,
amino
acids,
fatty
proteins,
CO<sub>2</sub>,
vitamins,
hormones
View source
What is the average heart rate in beats per minute?
70 BPM
View source
What controls the heart rate?
A
pacemaker
View source
What causes the first sound of the heart?
Blood hitting the closed
tricuspid
and
bicuspid
valves
View source
What occurs during ventricular diastole?
Blood impacts the closed
semilunar valves
View source
What happens during the diastole phase?
Blood flows into the
empty chambers
View source
What are the two types of immunity?
Natural immunity (
lymphocytes
,
phagocytes
)
Artificial immunity (
vaccines
)
View source
What is double circulation?
Blood flows through the
heart
twice during one complete circulation of the body
View source
What are the two circulations in the double circulatory system?
Pulmonary
circulation: deoxygenated blood to
lungs,
oxygenated blood back to heart
Systemic circulation:
oxygenated
blood to body, deoxygenated blood back to
heart
View source
What is the role of arteries?
To carry
oxygenated
blood
away
from the heart
View source
What is the role of veins?
To return
deoxygenated
blood to the heart
View source
What is the structure of arteries?
Thick
elastic
and
muscular
walls
View source
What is the structure of veins?
Thin walls
and a
large diameter
View source
What is the structure of capillaries?
Walls are thin to allow
diffusion
View source
What is the relationship between the structure and function of blood vessels?
Arteries
:
Thick
walls withstand high pressure
Veins
: Thin walls with
valves
prevent
backflow
Capillaries
: Thin walls allow
diffusion
of gases and nutrients
View source
What is the average volume of blood in an adult human?
About
4.5
to 5
litres
View source
What is the main function of plasma?
To transport
dissolved substances
around the body
View source
What are antigens?
Substances that cause an
immune response
View source
What is the primary response in immunity?
The initial immune response to a
pathogen
View source
What is the secondary response in immunity?
A rapid destruction of the
antigen
upon
re-exposure
View source
What is the role of lymphocytes in the immune response?
To produce
antibodies
in response to
antigens
View source
See all 59 cards