3.4.5

• What is one major source of air pollution?

  Burning of fossil fuels
• What are greenhouse gases primarily associated with?

  Air pollution
• What is a consequence of emissions from pollution?

  Acid rain
• What type of material is uranium classified as in the context of nuclear energy?

  Unstable material
• Why are uranium rods used in power stations?

  Because they are easier to break apart
• What happens when a neutron is fired at uranium?

  It splits the uranium apart
• Why do countries that use nuclear energy need to import uranium?

  Because uranium is only found in certain parts of the world
• What are the arguments for and against nuclear power?

  For nuclear power:

  • Reactors release almost no carbon dioxide
  • Generating renewable energy wastes scarce resources and land

  
  

  Against nuclear power:

  • Small amount of radiation poses a risk of cancer
• When did the Fukushima disaster occur?

  11th March 2011
• What natural disasters struck Japan on the day of the Fukushima disaster?

  A grade 9 earthquake and tsunami
• How much did Japan sink down and to the east during the earthquake?

  3 feet down and 18 feet to the east
• Why did Japan not want to rely on other countries for energy after WW2?

  Because they do not have many natural resources like coal
• What happened to the power plant during the Fukushima disaster?

  It was flooded, overheated, and melted
• What level was the Fukushima leak classified as?

  Level 7 leak
• What was the height of the tsunami waves during the Fukushima disaster?

  17 meters high
• What percentage of energy does the UK produce from nuclear power?

  18%
• How has the percentage of energy produced by nuclear power in the UK changed since the late 1980s?

  It has fallen from 25%
• What is the current status of the Sellafield energy production?

  Energy is no longer produced there
• How long is the cleanup of Sellafield expected to take?

  100 years
• What is the estimated cost of the cleanup at Sellafield?

  £100 billion
• What are the political and technological impacts of extraction, transport, and use of energy?

  • Conflicts around oil and gas production
  • Speculation over the reasons behind the 2003 invasion of Iraq
  • Interest of Russia and the USA in Angola due to its oil reserves
• What is the majority of conflicts around the world related to?

  Oil and gas
• Why was there speculation over the 2003 invasion of Iraq?

  Due to the real reasons behind the invasion related to oil
• Why were Russia and the USA interested in the Angolan civil war?

  Because Angola has large amounts of oil in its territory
• Why do countries that use nuclear energy have to import uranium?

  It is only found in certain parts of the world
• What are the arguments for and against nuclear power?

  For nuclear power:

  • Reactors release almost no carbon dioxide
  • Generating renewable energy wastes scarce resources

  
  

  Against nuclear power:

  • Small amount of radiation poses a cancer risk
• When did the Fukushima disaster occur?

  11th March 2011
• How much did Japan sink during the Fukushima disaster?

  3 feet down and 18 feet to the east
• Why did Japan not want to rely on other countries for energy after WW2?

  They do not have many natural resources like coal
• What happened to the power plant during the Fukushima disaster?

  It was flooded, overheated, and melted
• What percentage of the UK's energy is produced by nuclear power?

  18%
• How has the percentage of energy produced by nuclear power in the UK changed since the late 1980s?

  It has fallen from 25% to 18%
• What is happening to the energy production at Sellafield?

  It is being decommissioned
• How long is the cleanup at Sellafield expected to take?

  100 years
• What is the estimated cost of the cleanup at Sellafield?

  £100 billion
• What are the political and technological impacts of energy extraction, transport, and use?

  • Conflicts often arise around oil and gas production
  • Speculation exists regarding the reasons for military actions, e.g., Iraq invasion
  • Political instability affects energy supplies
  • Technological advancements enable exploration in extreme environments
• What is a major reason for conflicts around the world?

  Oil and gas production
• What was a significant factor in the 2003 invasion of Iraq?

  Speculation over oil resources
• Why were Russia and the USA interested in the Angolan civil war?

  Due to Angola's large oil reserves
• What are some threats to energy supplies mentioned in the study material?

  Control of oil facilities by ISIS and trade sanctions on Iran