Animal and plant cells

• Animal cells have:

  • Nucleus - contains genetic material that controls activities in cell
  • Cytoplasm - gel like substances where chemical reactions happen
  • Cell membrane - holds cell together and controls what goes in and out
  • Mitochondria - reactions for aerobic respiration take place
  • Ribosomes - where proteins are made
• Plant cells have the subcellular structures of animal cells and also:

  • Rigid cell wall - made of cellulose to support wall and strengthen
  • Permanent vacuole - contains cell sap - weak solution of sugars and salts
  • Chloroplasts - where photsynthesis occurs, makes food for plant, contains chlorophyll for light absorption
• Bacterial cells:

  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Cell wall
  • No chloroplasts or mitochondria
  • Single circular strand of DNA
  • Small rings of DNA - plasmids