1.3

• What is a key comparison between transition metals and Group 1 elements?

  Transition metals are much less reactive than Group 1 metals.
• What is a characteristic of the compounds formed by transition metals?

  Transition metals form colourful compounds.
• What role does iron play in the Haber process?

  Iron acts as a catalyst in the Haber process.
• How do catalysts affect chemical reactions?

  Catalysts speed up the rate of reaction without being used up.
• What color do Fe$^{2+}$ ions appear?


  Fe$^{2+}$ ions are green.
• What color do Cu$^{2+}$ ions appear?


  Cu$^{2+}$ ions are blue.
• What general properties of metals apply to transition metals?

  Transition metals are good conductors of heat and electricity.
• What are the physical characteristics of transition metals?

  Transition metals are dense, shiny, and strong.
• How many ions can transition metals typically form?

  Transition metals can form more than one ion.
• What ions can copper form?

  Copper can form Cu$^{+}$ and Cu$^{2+}$ ions.
• How do the reactivities of transition metals compare to Group 1 metals?

  Transition metals are much less reactive than Group 1 metals.
• What is a notable difference between Group 1 metals and transition metals regarding ion formation?

  Group 1 metals do not form more than one ion.
• What is a notable difference between Group 1 metals and transition metals regarding compound color?

  Group 1 metals do not form coloured compounds.
• How do transition metals demonstrate their properties compared to Group 1 metals?

  Transition metals demonstrate their properties through relative reactions with water, oxygen, and halogens.
• What are the typical properties of transition metals?

  • Form colourful compounds
  • Good catalysts
  • Good conductors of heat and electricity
  • Dense, shiny, and strong
  • Form more than one ion
  • Much less reactive than Group 1 metals
  • Higher melting points
  • Stronger, harder, and denser