Metals and non-metals

• What are elements that react to form positive ions called?

  metals
• What are elements that do not form positive ions are non-metals called?


  Non-metals
• Where are metals found on the periodic table?


  Metals are found on the left side of the periodic table.
• Where are nonmetals found on the periodic table?


  Right side
• Out of metals and non metals which loses electrons to form positive ions?

  Metals
• Out of metals and non metals which gain electrons to form negative ions?

  Nonmetals
• Which colour shows the non metals?


  Yellow

  
• Which colour shows metals?


  Red

  
• What is the electronic configuration of metals?


  Metals typically have fewer electrons in their outer shell, which is why they’re in group 1-3 allowing them to lose electrons easily and form positive ions
• What is the electronic configuration of non-metals?


  Non metals have more electrons in their outer shell 4-8, and tend to gain or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell
• How does reactivity change for metals and non-metals in the periodic table?


  Metals: become more reactive as you move down a group

  Non-metals: become more reactive as you move up a group
• Why do metals become more reactive down the group?


  The outer electron is further from the nucleus, making them easier to lose, so more inner electron shells create a shielding effect that reduces the attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons, it takes less energy to remove outer electrons so they react more easily
• Why do non metals become less reactive as you move down the group?


  The outer electrons are further from the nucleus, which makes them harder to gain electrons, the shielding effect increases reducing the attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons and so higher ionisation energy is required to gain electrons making them less likely to react
• Physical properties of metals:


  Shiny

  Solid state

  Conduct heat and electricity well

  Malleable- can be shaped easily
• Chemical properties of metals:


  Lose electrons and form positive ions

  Metal oxides are basic

  Metals can displace hydrogen from acids
• Physical properties of nonmetals:

  Non metals can be found in all three states, solid, liquid, gas

  Non metals are dull in appearance- not shiny

  Non metals are brittle when solid

  Non metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity

  Nonmetals have lower densities compared to metals
• Chemical properties of non metals:


  Non metals gain/share electrons during chemical reactions forming negative ions or covalent bonds

  Nonmetals can form acids when combined with hydrogen

  Nonmetal Oxides are usually acidic or neutral

  Non metals can react with oxygen to produce energy
• What happens when metals react?

  Metals lose electrons to achieve a full outer energy level
• After metals lose electrons what is their electronic structure the same as?


  Their electronic structure is the same as the nearest noble gas.