Ionic Bonding

• What happens when a metal atom reacts with a non metal atom?

  Electrons in the outer shell of the metal atom are transferred
• What forms a positively charged ion?

  Metal atoms losing electrons
• What forms a negative charged ion?

  Non metal atoms gaining electrons
• How can electron transfer be represented by?


  Dot and cross diagram e.g. sodium chloride
• What is ionic bonding?

  • Occurs when a metal reacts with a non metal
  • Electrons in outer shell of the metal atom are transferred to the non metal
  • Metal atoms lose electrons- forming positively charged ions (cations)
  • Non metal atoms gain electrons, forming negatively charged ions (anions)
  • These oppositely charged ions are held together by electrostatic forces in a lattice structure

  
• How do you determine the charge on an ion from its group number?

  • Group 1 metals form +1 ions
  • Group 2 metals form +2 ions
  • Group 6 non metals form -2 ions
  • Group 7 non metals form -1 ions