Newton’s third law

• What does Newton's third law of motion state?

  Whenever two objects interact, they exert equal and opposite forces on each other.
• How is Newton's third law often worded?

  It is often worded as 'every action has an equal and opposite reaction'.
• What is important to remember about the forces in Newton's third law?

  The two forces act on two different objects and are of the same type.
• What are examples of force pairs in Newton's third law?

  • A cat sitting on the ground:
  • Cat pulls Earth up
  • Earth pulls cat down
  • Pushing a pram:
  • Person pushes pram forwards
  • Pram pushes person backwards
  • Car tyre on a road:
  • Tyre pushes road backwards
  • Road pushes tyre forwards
  • Satellite in Earth orbit:
  • Earth pulls satellite
  • Satellite pulls Earth
• What type of forces are involved when a cat sits on the ground?

  Contact forces and gravitational forces.
• In the example of a cat sitting on the ground, what do the forces exerted by the cat and Earth demonstrate?

  These forces are equal in size and opposite in direction.
• What happens when a person pushes a pram?

  The person pushes the pram forwards while the pram pushes the person backwards.
• What forces are at play when a car tyre is on the road?

  The tyre pushes the road backwards and the road pushes the tyre forwards.
• What type of forces are involved when a satellite is in Earth orbit?

  Non-contact forces, specifically gravitational forces.
• What do the gravitational forces between Earth and a satellite demonstrate?

  These forces are equal in size and opposite in direction.
• What is the definition of contact forces?

  Forces exerted between two objects when they are touching.
• What is the definition of non-contact forces?

  Push or pull acting between objects that are not physically touching when they interact.
• Who explains Newton's third law in the provided video?

  Science presenter Jon Chase.
• What are the key concepts related to Newton's laws of motion?

  • Newton's first law: An object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon.
  • Newton's second law: Force equals mass times acceleration (\(F = ma\)).
  • Newton's third law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• What is the formula for calculating weight?

  Weight = mass × gravitational field strength.
• What causes weight?

  Weight is caused by the gravitational effect of a planet attracting an object’s mass.
• What is the relationship between resultant forces and acceleration?

  Resultant forces will cause acceleration.
• What is the subject of the guide mentioned in the study material?

  Newton's Laws - Edexcel.
• What is the purpose of the Bitesize platform mentioned in the study material?

  To provide study support and resources for various educational levels.
• What educational levels does Bitesize cover?

  Bitesize covers primary and secondary education levels, including GCSE.
• What is the significance of the term 'Combined Science' in the context of the study material?

  It refers to a curriculum that integrates multiple science disciplines.
• What does the term 'equilibrium situations' refer to in the context of Newton's third law?

  Situations where forces are balanced and there is no net force acting on an object.
• How can Newton's third law be applied to real-world situations?

  It can be applied to analyze interactions between objects in various scenarios, such as sports or vehicle collisions.