Cataracts

    Cards (20)

    • What are cataracts?
      Cataracts are cloudy patches that develop on the lens of the eye.
    • How do cataracts affect vision?
      They cause blurry, misty vision and can eventually lead to blindness.
    • How does the lens of the eye change as we age?
      It becomes frosted, limiting our vision.
    • At what age do proteins in the lens of the eye start to break down?
      After age 40.
    • What are some factors that increase the likelihood of developing cataracts?
      Family history, diabetes, serious eye injury, eye surgery, steroids, and radiation treatment.
    • What lifestyle choices can accelerate the formation of cataracts?
      Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and prolonged sun exposure without sunglasses.
    • What is the first step in diagnosing cataracts?
      Your eye doctor will review your medical history and symptoms.
    • What does a vision test measure?
      It measures how well you can read a series of letters using an eye chart.
    • What is a slit lamp exam used for?
      It allows the eye doctor to see the structures at the front of your eye up close.
    • What is the purpose of dilating the pupils during a retinal exam?
      To make it easier to see the retina.
    • What does applanation tonometry measure?
      It measures fluid pressure in your eye.
    • What is the initial treatment for mild cataracts?
      Stronger glasses and brighter reading lights may help temporarily.
    • What is the only proven effective treatment for cataracts?
      Surgery to remove and replace the affected lens.
    • How long does cataract surgery typically take?
      30 to 45 minutes.
    • What type of anesthesia is usually used for cataract surgery?
      Local anaesthetic.
    • What type of lens is typically offered by the NHS after cataract surgery?
      Monofocal lenses, which have a single point of focus.
    • What is the difference between monofocal and multifocal lenses?
      Monofocal lenses focus on either near or distance vision, while multifocal lenses allow focus on both.
    • What is the typical recovery process after cataract surgery?
      Surgery is done 6 to 12 weeks apart to allow recovery one eye at a time.
    • What are the steps involved in cataract diagnosis?
      1. Review medical history and symptoms
      2. Conduct a vision test
      3. Perform an eye structure exam using a slit lamp
      4. Conduct a retinal exam with pupil dilation
      5. Measure fluid pressure in the eye
    • What are the main types of lenses available after cataract surgery?
      • Monofocal lenses: single point of focus
      • Multifocal lenses: focus on both near and distant objects
      • Accommodating lenses: adjust focus automatically