respiration

• what is aerobic respiration?


  an exothermic reaction in which glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy which can be used by cells
• what is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

  C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy
• what is the word equation for aerobic respiration?


  Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
• where does aerobic respiration take place?


  in the mitochondria
• what is respiration?


  the process by which all living cells continously release energy from glucose
• when cells recieve sufficient oxygen, they will respire aerobically
• why do organisms require the energy released by respiration?


  • synthesis of larger molecules
  • active transport
• what is anaerobic respiration?


  an exothermic respiration in which glucose is broken down to release energy in the absense of oxygen
• which respiration has no oxygen?


  anaerobic
• what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?


  Glucose → Lactic Acid + energy
• what is the equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?


  Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide
• why is anaerobic respiration less efficient than aerobic respiration?


  glucose is not completely broken down so less energy is transferred
• why can anaerobic respiration lead to muscle fatigue?


  lactic acid builds up in muscles, preventing efficient contraction
• what can ethanol be used for?

  make disinfectants and alcoholic drinks
• what is oxygen debt?


  amount of oxygen needed to break down lactic acid
• how do muscles store glucose?


  as glycogen
• what changes take place when muscular activity increases in the body?


  • heart rate increases which increases flow of oxygenated blood to muscles
  • breathing rate increases which increases the rate of gaseous exchange (farting hehe)
• how is lactic acid transported away from the muscles?

  blood flow through the muscles transportblood flow through the muscles transports lactic acid to the liver, where it is oxidised back to glucose
• what is metabolism?

  the sum of all the reaction that take place in a cell or an organism
• how do cells use the energy transferred by respiration?


  to continously carry out enzyme-controlled processes which lead to the synthesis of new molecules
• give examples of metabolic reactions


  • glucose into starch
  • respiration
  • glucose and nitrate ions into amino acids