The modern Periodic Table C1

Created by

Dominik Kadar

Cards (35)

Who was Dmitri Mendeleev?
A Russian chemist and inventor
What significant contribution did Mendeleev make in the mid-nineteenth century?
He devised the periodic table
What does the periodic table organize?
All of the known elements
What did Mendeleev's periodic table predict?
New elements that had not been discovered yet
How are elements arranged in the periodic table?
In order of increasing atomic number
What does the atomic number represent?
The number of protons in the atoms of that element
What three components are found within each box of the periodic table?
Elemental symbol, atomic number, and mass number
What is the elemental symbol for sodium?
Na
What does the mass number indicate?
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom
What pattern did Mendeleev observe while organizing the periodic table?
Elements displayed a pattern of chemical properties that repeated at regular intervals
What do we call the new row formed in the periodic table when a pattern repeats?
Periods
What do the elements in each vertical column of the periodic table have in common?
They have similar chemical properties
How many groups are there in the periodic table?
Seven groups
What is the exception regarding the naming of the far-right group in the periodic table?
It is called group 0 rather than group 8
Why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?
They have the same number of electrons in their outermost shell
How many electrons do elements in group two have in their outermost shell?
Two electrons
What are alkali metals characterized by?
They all have one electron in their outer shell
What happens to the reactivity of group one elements as you move down the group?
They become more reactive
What are group seven elements known as?
Halogens
How many electrons do halogens have in their outer shell?
Seven electrons
What trend is observed in the reactivity of group seven elements as you go down the group?
They become less reactive
What are noble gases characterized by?
They all have full outer shells
How many electrons does argon have in its outer shell?
Eight electrons
How many electrons does helium have in its outer shell?
Two electrons
Why are noble gases considered unreactive?
They do not need to gain or lose any electrons
What does the zigzag line in the periodic table separate?
Metals from nonmetals
What is the special block of elements found in the middle of metals called?
Transition metals
What should you remember about different types of periodic tables you might find online?
They present the same information in slightly different ways
How can you identify the atomic number in a periodic table?
It is the smaller of the two numbers
What will the periodic table provided in an exam be similar to?
The one used throughout the video
What are the key features of the periodic table?
Organized by increasing atomic number
Elements arranged in periods (rows) and groups (columns)
Each box contains elemental symbol, atomic number, and mass number
Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties
What are the differences between groups 1, 2, 7, and 0 in the periodic table?
Group 1: Alkali metals, 1 electron in outer shell, highly reactive
Group 2: Alkaline earth metals, 2 electrons in outer shell, less reactive than group 1
Group 7: Halogens, 7 electrons in outer shell, reactivity decreases down the group
Group 0: Noble gases, full outer shells, very unreactive
What are the trends in reactivity for groups 1 and 7 elements?
Group 1: Reactivity increases down the group
Group 7: Reactivity decreases down the group
What distinguishes metals from nonmetals in the periodic table?
Metals: Found on the left, good conductors, malleable, ductile
Nonmetals: Found on the right, poor conductors, brittle
What is the significance of the outermost shell electrons in determining chemical properties?
The number of outer shell electrons determines how an element reacts
Elements in the same group have the same number of outer shell electrons