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Britain health and the people lecture history
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Pippa Bozzard
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Cards (124)
What is the focus of the medicine revision lecture?
The focus is on
Britain
health and the people from the year
1000
to the present day.
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What is the aim of the lecture?
The aim is to go through
key dates
and their
significance
in medical progress.
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Who is considered the father of modern medicine?
Hippocrates
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What theory did Hippocrates propose regarding disease?
He proposed the
four humors
as a natural theory on the cause of disease.
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What key treatments did Hippocrates promote?
Diet
and exercise
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How did Galen build on Hippocrates' work?
Galen used the theory of
opposites
and demonstrated that the
brain
controls the body.
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How is ancient medicine linked to medieval medicine in Britain?
The church supported
Galen's
work, linking ancient medicine to medieval practices.
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What were the main types of treatments in medieval England?
Prayer,
repentance,
and
herbal remedies
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What role did monasteries play in medieval healthcare?
Monasteries focused on
prayer
,
herbal
remedies,
and
rest.
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What happened to monasteries after the Reformation in the 1530s?
They were
removed
, stripping away a key
provider
of
healthcare.
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When was the first Islamic hospital founded, and where?
In
Baghdad
around
805 CE
.
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What was the significance of Islamic hospitals?
They were places of
learning
as well as
healing
centers.
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Who is a key Islamic figure in medicine, and what did he publish?
Ibn Sina
published the "
Canon of Medicine
" in
1025
.
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What was the impact of the Black Death from 1347 to 1353?
It killed around
30-40%
of Europe's population.
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Why were treatments during the Black Death ineffective?
The lack of understanding of
disease causes
led to ineffective treatments.
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What was a common belief about the cause of disease during the Black Death?
People blamed
miasma
and bad smells.
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What was a significant advancement in medicine during the Renaissance?
The invention of the
printing press
in
1455
allowed for mass production of books.
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How did the printing press change the landscape of medicine?
It allowed for the challenge of the
church's control
over printed material.
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Who wrote the 95 Theses, and what was its significance?
Martin Luther
wrote it, challenging the Catholic Church.
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What did Andreas Vesalius publish in 1543?
He published "The Fabric of the Human Body," challenging
Galen's
work.
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What did Ambroise Paré develop in the 1560s?
He developed
ligatures
and ointments for treating wounds.
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What was William Harvey's significant discovery in the 1620s?
He proved that blood
circulates
around the body.
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What was the Great Plague of 1665?
It was another outbreak of
Bubonic plague
with similar
beliefs
about
causes
and
treatments.
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What did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek develop in 1668?
He developed a microscope with 200 times
magnification
.
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What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on medicine?
It led to rapid
advancements
in medicine and poor living conditions.
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What did Edwin Chadwick argue in his 1842 report?
He argued for improving the
sanitary conditions
of the working poor for productivity reasons.
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What anesthetic was used in 1846?
Ether
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What did James Simpson discover in 1847?
He discovered
chloroform
as an effective general anesthetic.
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What was the public perception of chloroform during its introduction?
Many believed it was unnatural for women to be
unconscious
during
childbirth
.
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What significant change did Ignaz Semmelweis implement in hospitals?
He promoted handwashing in chlorinated lime solution.
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What was the result of Semmelweis's handwashing practice?
His maternity ward's death rate fell from 12% to 1%.
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What was the significance of the first Public Health Act in Britain?
It established medical officers of health but was not compulsory.
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What did John Snow discover in 1854?
He discovered the link between cholera and contaminated water.
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Who were Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole, and what did they do?
They improved nursing and hospital conditions during the
Crimean War
.
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What did Queen Victoria advocate in 1857?
She advocated for the use of
chloroform
during childbirth.
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What was the Great Stink of 1858?
It was a catalyst for change in
public health
due to poor
sanitation
.
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What are the key factors influencing medical progress from 1000 to the present day?
Ancient medicine (
Hippocrates
and
Galen
)
Medieval medicine and the church's influence
The Black Death
and its impact on understanding disease
The Renaissance and the printing press
Advances in anesthesia and surgical techniques
Public health reforms and key figures like
Nightingale
and
Seacole
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What are the main themes in the history of medicine from 1000 to the present day?
Evolution of medical theories (
humors
to
germ theory
)
The role of religion and the church in medicine
Impact of epidemics on medical understanding
Advances
in technology and surgical practices
Public health
movements and their societal implications
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What war is associated with improvements in nursing and hospital conditions in Crimea?
The
Crimean War
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What did Florence Nightingale produce upon her return from Crimea?
Notes on nursing and hospitals
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