Psychodynamic Approach

• Who is the psychologist most people can name without studying psychology?

  Sigmund Freud
• What is the name of Freud's approach to psychology?

  Psychodynamics
• Why were Freud's theories influential despite being rejected by most psychologists today?

  They contributed to the development of later theories and approaches
• What popular form of counseling did Freud develop?

  Psychotherapy
• What does the term 'psychodynamics' refer to?

  The study of the unconscious mind and its influence on behavior
• According to Freud, what are the three parts of the mind?

  The conscious mind, the preconscious, and the unconscious
• What is the role of the preconscious mind?

  It contains thoughts and memories that can be brought into conscious awareness
• What does Freud claim about the unconscious mind?

  It influences our conscious feelings and behaviors
• What is psychic determinism according to Freud?

  The idea that unconscious drives shape our behavior and personality
• What are the three defense mechanisms mentioned by Freud?

  Repression, denial, and displacement
• What is the ID in Freud's structure of personality?

  The selfish part of the mind that seeks pleasure
• What is the role of the ego?

  To mediate between the demands of the ID and the super ego
• What is the super ego known as?

  The morality principle
• How does Freud explain criminal behavior?

  As a result of an underdeveloped or deviant super ego
• What does the iceberg metaphor illustrate in Freud's theory?

  • The conscious mind is the visible part
  • The unconscious mind is the larger hidden part
  • The unconscious drives behavior
• What are the five psychosexual stages proposed by Freud?

  Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages
• What happens during the oral stage of development?

  The child receives pleasure from their mouth during breastfeeding
• What is the conflict during the anal stage?

  Potty training and the pleasure from holding or expelling feces
• What is anal-retentive personality?

  Overly organized and fussy behavior due to strict potty training
• What is the Oedipus complex?

  A boy's attraction to his mother and rivalry with his father
• What is castration anxiety?

  A boy's fear that his father will remove his genitals
• What is penis envy according to Freud?

  A girl's realization that she does not have a penis and her desire for one
• What happens during the latency stage?

  Sexual energy is dispersed and early childhood memories are repressed
• What is the final genital stage?

  The point of puberty where sexual desire becomes conscious
• What is the purpose of defense mechanisms?

  To manage unresolvable conflicts and reduce anxiety
• What is denial as a defense mechanism?

  Refusing to accept the reality of a situation
• What is displacement as a defense mechanism?

  Shifting strong emotions from the source to a substitute target
• What is repression as a defense mechanism?

  Placing unpleasant memories into the unconscious mind
• What are the criticisms of Freud's theories?

  • Lack of scientific credibility
  • Reliance on case studies
  • Lack of falsifiability
• Why is Freud still taught in modern psychology courses?

  He was profoundly influential on later psychological theories
• What is the practical application of psychodynamics?

  Psychoanalysis as a form of talking therapy
• What did the meta-analysis by Dmats conclude about psychoanalytic therapy?

  It supports the effectiveness of long-term psychoanalytic therapy
• What is the significance of Freud's focus on early childhood experiences?

  It highlights the long-lasting effects of trauma on adult life
• How do modern theorists view unconscious processes?

  They accept that unconscious processes influence perception and memory
• What is meant by 'based validity' in relation to Freud's ideas?

  Some of Freud's ideas resonate with people's experiences and observations
• What is the role of the super ego in personality development?

  It enforces moral standards and causes feelings of guilt
• How does Freud's theory explain the development of gender identity?

  Through identification with the same-sex parent during the phallic stage
• What is the significance of the Freud Museum?

  It provides a historical perspective on Freud's work and theories
• What is the relationship between the ID and the super ego?

  The ID seeks pleasure while the super ego enforces moral rules
• How does Freud's theory relate to adult anxieties?

  Adult anxieties can often be traced back to unresolved childhood conflicts