Skeletal system

• Structure of the skeletal system

  
• Bones are made up of compact bone, spongy bone, and cartilage.
• What is the central structure of the body made up of bones, joints, and cartilage?

  The skeleton
• What is the primary role of the skeleton in the human body?

  To provide a framework for muscles and give the body its defined shape
• What are the five main functions of the skeletal system?

  1. Movement
  2. Support and protection
  3. Production of blood cells
  4. Mineral storage
  5. Attachment of muscles
• How does the skeleton facilitate movement?

  The bones act as levers and form joints that allow muscles to pull on them
• What does the skeleton provide support and protection for?

  It provides support for the body and protects internal organs
• Which part of the skeleton protects the brain?

  The cranium
• What bones offer protection to the heart and lungs?

  The ribs
• What do the vertebrae protect?

  The spinal cord
• Which bones protect the sensitive reproductive organs?

  The pelvis
• What do certain bones in the skeleton contain that produces blood cells?

  Red bone marrow
• What types of blood cells are produced by the bone marrow?

  Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
• Which bones are examples that contain marrow?

  The pelvis, sternum, vertebrae, and clavicle
• What role do bones play in mineral storage?

  They act as a mineral store for calcium and phosphorus
• Why can bones release minerals into the body?

  If the body requires the minerals for other functions
• How do bones provide attachment for muscles?

  They provide surfaces for the attachment of muscles
• Why are bones often irregular shapes?

  To provide attachment points for muscles
• What are the key components of the skeletal system?

  • Bones
  • Joints
  • Cartilage
• How does the skeletal system interact with the muscular system?

  • Bones act as levers for muscle movement
  • Joints allow for flexibility and range of motion
  • Muscles attach to bones to facilitate movement
• What is the central structure of the body made up of?

  The skeleton, which consists of bones, joints, and cartilage
• What is the primary function of the skeleton?

  To provide a framework for muscles and give the body its defined shape
• What is another term for a joint?

  Articulation
• What are the components of connective tissues in joints?

  Ligaments, cartilage, and tendons
• How do ligaments contribute to joint stability?

  They hold the joints together and provide stability
• Where is cartilage found in the skeletal system?

  At the ends of bones and where joints meet
• What is the role of tendons in the skeletal system?

  Tendons attach muscles to the skeleton
• What is the function of synovial fluid in synovial joints?

  To lubricate the joint and allow smooth movement
• What is the purpose of articular cartilage in synovial joints?

  To cushion the joint and prevent friction
• What is the function of the articular capsule in synovial joints?

  To prevent wear and tear on the bones
• How do ligaments help maintain joint stability?

  By connecting bone to bone and restricting excessive movement
• What type of connective tissue connects muscle to bone?

  Tendons
• What are the main types of synovial joints and their characteristics?

  • Hinge joints: Allow movement in one direction (e.g., elbow, knee)
  • Ball and socket joints: Allow movement in almost every direction (e.g., shoulder, hip)
  • Pivot joints: Allow rotational movement (e.g., neck between top two vertebrae)
• Which type of joint allows the greatest range of movement?

  Ball and socket joint
• What movements do hinge joints allow?

  Flexion and extension of a joint
• What is the structure of a ball and socket joint?

  A round end of one bone fits into a cup-like area of another bone
• What type of movement does a pivot joint allow?

  Rotational movement
• Where can pivot joints be found in the body?

  In the neck between the top two vertebrae
• How do the functions of different types of synovial joints relate to physical activity?

  Different joints allow for various movements necessary for different physical activities
• This is a synovial joint