Aerobic and anaerobic exercise

• What determines whether an activity is aerobic or anaerobic?

  It depends on whether the body uses oxygen or not.
• What is the anaerobic respiratory system responsible for?

  It supplies energy very quickly for short-duration sports.
• What is produced when glucose is broken down in the anaerobic system?

  Lactic acid.
• What is the equation representing the breakdown of glucose in the anaerobic system?

  $\text{Glucose} \rightarrow \text{energy} +$$\text{lactic acid}$
• For which type of activities does the lactic acid energy system primarily produce energy?

  Moderate to high intensity activities like running 400 metres.
• Why does lactic acid cause pain and discomfort in muscles?

  It is a fatiguing by-product of the anaerobic energy pathway.
• What is oxygen debt?

  It is the lack of oxygen and the build-up of lactic acid that causes fatigue.
• What happens to a person's breathing after exercise to repay oxygen debt?

  They continue to breathe more deeply and rapidly than at rest.
• What is the purpose of the additional oxygen taken in after exercise?

  To break down lactic acid and replenish creatine phosphate stores.
• What are the key functions of the anaerobic respiratory system?

  • Supplies energy quickly for short-duration activities
  • Breaks down glucose into lactic acid
  • Produces energy for moderate to high intensity activities
• What are the effects of lactic acid accumulation during exercise?

  • Causes fatigue and discomfort in muscles
  • Results from anaerobic respiration
  • Influences performance in short-duration sports
• What is the process of repaying oxygen debt after exercise?

  1. Increased breathing rate and depth
  2. Oxygen used to break down lactic acid
  3. Oxygen replenishes creatine phosphate stores
• What is the primary function of the aerobic respiratory system?

  It produces the majority of our energy during rest or low-intensity exercise.
• What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration?

  Glucose + oxygen → energy + water + carbon dioxide
• What types of food supply energy for the aerobic energy system?

  Glucose from carbohydrates and fats supply energy.
• What are some carbohydrate food sources that provide energy for the aerobic energy system?

  • Rice
  • Bread
  • Potatoes
  • Bananas
  • Energy drinks
• What are some fat food sources that provide energy for the aerobic energy system?

  • Butter
  • Oils
  • Cheese
  • Milk
  • Nuts
• Give an example of an athletics event that mainly uses the aerobic energy system.

  5,000 metres run
• What happens to weight if there is a greater intake than output in terms of diet?

  Weight is likely to be gained.
• What happens to weight if the output is greater than the input in terms of diet?

  Weight can be lost.
• What is the energy balance equation in simple terms?

  • Greater intake than output → weight gain
  • Greater output than intake → weight loss
• What type of exercise does the aerobic energy system support?

  Low-intensity exercise for long periods of time.
• What is the significance of glucose in the aerobic energy system?

  It provides energy for aerobic respiration.
• What is the role of fats in the aerobic energy system?

  Fats supply energy for prolonged aerobic activities.