Filipino Kinship

• Dynamics of Social Expectations


  (1) Contingency Principle and (2) Patterns of behavior: pakikipagkapwa
• Contingency Principle


  Social groups are formed to adapt to various circumstances. Instead of mere bloodline, social groups are formed to comply to economic, political, and social needs.
• Patterns of Behavior: Pakikipagkapwa


  Pakikipagkapwa entails mutual respect and responsiblities among members.
• Patterns of Behavior: Pakikipagkapwa

  “Hindi ibang tao: Shared identity and acceptance”
• Patterns of Behavior: Pakikipagkapwa


  “Walang kapwa-tao or not one of us: Failing to live the expected behavior or values of others“
• Outsiders 


  No shared identity yet
• Insider


  When interactions are built up, they are considered as “hindi ibang tao”
• LEXICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF OUTSIDERS

  Pakikitungo, pakikisalamuha, pakikilahok, pakikibagay, pakikisama (TSLBS)
• LEXICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF INSIDERS

  Pakikipagpalagayang-loob, Pakikisangkot, Pakikiisa (PSI)
• Pakikitungo 


  Being civil and courteous towards others
• Pakikisalamuha 


  Interacting with others and adapting
• Pakikilahok 


  Participating in something with others
• Pakikibagay 


  Aligning attitude and behavior with others
• Pakikisama


  Being united with others or empathizing with others
• Pakikipagpalagayang-loob


  Having trust with one another
• Pakikisangkot 


  Active participation in the lives of others
• Pakikiisa 


  Having a harmonious relationship