Programming languages

• What is required for proficient programming?

  Knowledge of many techniques
• What do operators in programming determine?

  What action is to be performed or considered
• What are the three types of operators used in programming?

  • Arithmetic operators
  • Relational operators
  • Boolean operators
• What is an arithmetic operator?

  A mathematical function for calculations
• What functions do arithmetic operators perform?

  Add, subtract, multiply, and divide
• What is a relational operator?

  An operator that compares two values
• What are Boolean operators used for?

  Building complex queries in a database
• What are the common Boolean operators?

  AND, OR, and NOT
• What is a high-level programming language?

  A language used to write programs
• What is needed to translate high-level languages into machine code?

  A compiler, interpreter, or assembler
• What are the key components of programming languages discussed?

  • Operators: arithmetic, relational, Boolean
  • High-level languages: require translation to machine code
• What is the purpose of arithmetic operators in programming?

  To perform calculations on values
• What is an arithmetic operator?

  A function to perform calculations
• What does the addition operator do?

  Adds two values together
• How is subtraction represented in programming?

  With the operator -
• What is the multiplication operator in programming?

  The operator * for multiplying values
• What does real division do in programming?

  Divides and returns a decimal result
• What is integer division represented by?

  The operator DIV
• What does the remainder operator (MOD) do?

  Returns the remainder of a division
• What is the result of $9 \text{ DIV } 2$?


  2
• What is the result of $29 \text{ DIV } 7$?


  4
• What is the result of $12 \text{ MOD } 5$?


  2
• What is the result of $23 \text{ MOD } 6$?


  5
• What are the main arithmetic operations in programming?

  • Addition (+)
  • Subtraction (-)
  • Multiplication (*)
  • Real division (/)
  • Integer division (DIV)
  • Remainder (MOD)
• How do integer division and remainder division differ?

  • Integer division (DIV): Discards remainder
  • Remainder division (MOD): Returns remainder
• What is a relational operator?

  An operator that compares two values
• What is the purpose of assignment in programming?

  Setting the value of a variable
• What does a condition in computing represent?

  A statement that is either true or false
• What is an IF statement used for in programming?

  To select an action based on a condition
• What is a loop in programming?

  The repetition of an activity
• What are the relational operations in programming?

  • Equivalence: ==
  • Less than: <
  • Less than or equal to: <=
  • Greater than: >
  • Greater than or equal to: >=
  • Does not equal: <> or !=
• How would you assign the value 5 to variable x?

  x = 5
• How would you check if x is equal to 5?

  if x == 5
• How would you check if x is less than 5?

  if x < 5
• How would you check if x is greater than or equal to 5?

  if x >= 5
• How would you check if x does not equal 5?

  if x <> 5
• What does the following code check: IF LEN(password) >= 6 THEN?

  • Checks if password length is 6 or more
  • Outputs "Good Password!" if true
  • Outputs "Password too short" if false
• What is the output if the password is less than 6 characters?

  Password too short
• What does the LEN function do in programming?

  It returns the length of a string
• How do relational operators facilitate programming logic?

  They allow comparisons to be made