Fundamentals of cyber security

• What is the purpose of cyber security?

  To protect computer systems from threats
• Why is cybercrime evolving?

  Because technology is rapidly changing
• What are the different types of threats to computer systems?

  • Social engineering
  • Malicious code
  • Human error
• What is social engineering in cyber security?

  Tricking people into giving sensitive data
• What is malicious code?

  Software written to harm a computer
• What constitutes a cyber threat?

  Any risk posed to a computer from the internet
• How can understanding potential risks help protect systems?

  • Increases awareness of threats
  • Enables better protection of data
  • Helps in implementing security measures
• What are units of information in computing?

  Different data types like integers and characters
• How is data acted upon in computing?

  By instructions given to the computer
• What are the implications of cyber security threats?

  • Increased risk of data theft
  • Potential for system damage
  • Loss of sensitive information
• What are computer systems at risk of?

  Intrusion, theft, and deletion
• How is cybercrime evolving?

  At the same rate as technology
• What is a rule for creating a strong password?

  Have six or more characters
• What should a strong password include?

  Upper and lower case letters
• Why should personal information be avoided in passwords?

  It may be easy to guess
• How can you make a password harder to crack?

  Combine multiple random words
• What do access rights determine?

  What can be seen when logging in
• What happens if access rights are misconfigured?

  People may see others' emails
• What is removable media?

  Storage devices removable from a computer
• What happens if removable media contains malware?

  It attempts to infect connected systems
• What is the purpose of patching software?

  To fix problems or add features
• How do most programs ensure they have the latest patches?

  They automatically update themselves
• Why is regularly updating software important?

  It reduces vulnerability to new threats
• What is the role of anti-virus software in updates?

  • Frequently updates to recognize new threats
  • Helps protect against the latest malware
  • Always one step behind malware creators
• What is the purpose of penetration testing?

  To identify weaknesses in a system
• How does penetration testing help in cyber security?

  It reveals weaknesses that attackers could exploit
• What techniques does penetration testing use?

  Techniques similar to those used by hackers
• What is the difference between black-box and white-box penetration testing?

  Black-box simulates external attacks, white-box simulates insider threats
• What can happen if a system is breached?

  It can cause financial and reputational damage
• What are the types of penetration testing?

  • Black-box penetration testing
  • Simulates external hacking attempts
  • White-box penetration testing
  • Simulates insider threats with knowledge of systems
• What is a hacker?

  A person who tries to gain unauthorized access
• What is data in computing?

  Units of information, including various types
• What are the different data types mentioned?

  Integers, characters, and Boolean
• How is data acted upon in computing?

  Data is acted on by instructions
• What is the main goal of penetration testing?

  To identify weaknesses within a system
• What is the impact of cybercrime on technology?

  Cybercrime evolves with technology advancements
• What is the BBC's role in providing educational content?

  To offer resources for various educational levels
• What is the significance of the Bitesize platform?

  It supports learning across different subjects and levels
• What is the classification of programming languages mentioned?

  It is part of the AQA curriculum
• What does AQA stand for?

  Assessment and Qualifications Alliance