Transpiration

• What is the main process described in the lesson objectives?

  Transpiration
• True or False: The leaf is a plant organ?

  True
• True or False: Palisade cells are where photosynthesis happens?

  True
• What do guard cells open and close?

  Stomata
• How do plants get water from the soil?

  Through their roots
• What are the three key parts of a plant involved in transpiration?

  Roots, Stem, Leaves
• What is the cohesion-tension theory related to?

  Water molecules in plants
• What are root hair cells designed for?

  To absorb lots of water
• What do the Xylem and Phloem transport in plants?

  Xylem transports water, Phloem transports sugar
• What happens when the stomata opens?

  Water escapes while allowing gas exchange
• Why do different plants have differently sized xylem and phloem?

  Due to their specific water and nutrient transport needs
• What is the process of transpiration in plants?

  1. Water evaporates and diffuses from the leaf (stomata)
  2. Water is pulled upwards through the xylem tissue
  3. This is replaced by water entering from the root tissue
  4. Water enters root hair cells by osmosis
• What factors increase or decrease transpiration?

  Transpiration is higher in daylight, lower with humidity, higher with temperature, higher with wind, and lower with lack of water in soil
• How does temperature affect transpiration?

  Higher temperature results in faster transpiration
• How does humidity affect transpiration?

  Increased humidity decreases transpiration
• How does air flow affect transpiration?

  Better air flow increases transpiration
• How does light intensity affect transpiration?

  Brighter light increases transpiration
• On which type of day will the rate of transpiration be the highest?

  A dry, warm day
• How do cacti adapt to reduce water loss?

  • Stomata close during the daytime
  • Stomata open at night when it is cooler
  • This reduces water loss by transpiration
• How do guard cells open and close?

  Water enters or leaves the guard cells by osmosis
• What causes guard cells to swell or shrink?

  The movement of water in and out of the guard cells
• Why are there more stomata on the lower surface of a leaf?

  To reduce water loss and protect from direct sunlight
• What are stomata used for in plants?

  For gas exchange and transpiration
• How are stomata involved in the movement of water in a plant?

  They allow water vapor to escape, facilitating transpiration
• What mechanisms do guard cells use to open and close the stomata?

  They change shape based on water movement
• What tool is used to measure the rate of transpiration?

  A potometer
• When would you expect potassium levels to be highest in guard cells?

  When stomata are open to facilitate gas exchange
• What are possible independent variables for investigating transpiration rates?

  Light intensity, humidity, temperature, and air flow