Schizophrenia

• What is a common misconception about schizophrenia?

  That people with schizophrenia have a 'split personality'
• What does the term 'schizophrenia' literally mean?

  Split mind
• Why is schizophrenia classified as a psychotic disorder?

  Due to the vast array of symptoms that can be present
• What is psychosis?

  A state of being profoundly out of touch with reality
• What are two common psychotic symptoms associated with schizophrenia?

  Delusions and hallucinations
• What major disturbances characterize schizophrenia?

  Disturbances of thought, emotion, and behaviour
• According to the DSM-5, what is the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia?

  Approximately 0.3%-0.7%
• What factors can cause variation in the prevalence of schizophrenia?

  Race, ethnicity, culture, and geographical origin
• How do symptoms of schizophrenia differ between males and females?

  Males have more emphasis on negative symptoms and longer duration of symptoms
• What are the categories of symptoms associated with schizophrenia?

  • Behaviour
  • Emotions
  • Perception
  • Cognitive processes
• What are the symptoms to be matched with their definitions in schizophrenia?

  • Delusion of grandeur
  • Paranoia persecution
  • Auditory hallucination
  • Disorganized speech
• What is a delusion of grandeur?

  Beliefs that they are someone grand or famous
• What does paranoia persecution refer to?

  Beliefs that people are plotting against them
• What are auditory hallucinations?

  Voices heard in the absence of external stimuli
• What characterizes disorganized speech in schizophrenia?

  Inappropriate and nonsensical speech patterns
• How do the symptoms of schizophrenia impact an individual's daily life?

  They can lead to significant disruptions in thought, emotion, and behavior
• What is the minimum number of symptoms required for a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to DSM-5 criteria?

  Two or more symptoms
• What must at least one of the symptoms be for a schizophrenia diagnosis?

  Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, or negative symptoms
• What are examples of negative symptoms in schizophrenia?

  Diminished emotional expression or avolition
• Under what condition is only one symptom needed for a schizophrenia diagnosis?

  If delusions are bizarre or if hallucinations consist of a voice commenting on the individual's behavior
• What does "markedly below the level achieved prior to the onset" refer to in the context of schizophrenia diagnosis?

  It refers to the level of functioning in one or more major areas, such as work or interpersonal relations
• How long must continuous signs of disturbance be present for a schizophrenia diagnosis?

  At least 6 months
• What is required during the 6-month period for a schizophrenia diagnosis?

  At least 1 month when active symptoms are present
• What must be ruled out for a schizophrenia diagnosis?

  The symptoms cannot be explained by any other psychological issues