"Effect of Temperature and pH on Enzymes"

• What is the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?

  Temperature affects the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, increasing activity up to an optimum point.
• What is the role of the active site in an enzyme?

  The active site is where the substrate fits and the reaction occurs.
• What is the lock and key theory in relation to enzymes?

  The lock and key theory states that the substrate must fit perfectly into the active site of the enzyme.
• How does increasing temperature affect enzyme activity until the optimum temperature is reached?

  Increasing temperature causes the enzyme and substrate to move faster, leading to more collisions and increased reaction rates.
• What is the optimum temperature for most human enzymes?

  The optimum temperature for most human enzymes is 37 degrees Celsius.
• What happens to enzyme activity when the temperature exceeds the optimum temperature?

  Enzyme activity rapidly decreases to zero as the enzyme becomes denatured.
• What does it mean when an enzyme's active site is denatured?

  It means the shape of the active site has changed, preventing the substrate from fitting properly.
• How does pH affect enzyme activity?

  pH affects enzyme activity by altering the shape of the active site, which can lead to denaturation.
• What is the optimum pH for enzymes?

  Each enzyme has a specific optimum pH where its activity is maximum.
• What happens to enzyme activity if the pH is too acidic or too alkaline?

  Enzyme activity drops to zero because the active site denatures.
• Which type of enzyme works best at an acidic pH?

  A protease enzyme in the stomach works best at an acidic pH.
• Which type of enzyme works best at an alkaline pH?

  An enzyme released from the pancreas, such as lipase, works best at an alkaline pH.
• What are the effects of temperature and pH on enzyme activity?

  • Temperature increases enzyme activity until the optimum temperature is reached.
  • Beyond the optimum temperature, enzyme activity decreases due to denaturation.
  • Each enzyme has a specific optimum pH for maximum activity.
  • Extreme pH levels (too acidic or too alkaline) can denature the enzyme, reducing activity to zero.
• What are the key terms related to enzyme activity affected by temperature and pH?

  • Active site
  • Substrate
  • Lock and key theory
  • Optimum temperature
  • Denaturation
  • Optimum pH