1.1.1 Architecture of CPU

• What does CPU stand for?

  Central Processing Unit
• What is the primary function of the CPU?


  To process instructions by fetching, decoding, and executing them
• What are the steps involved in the Fetch Decode Execute cycle?

  1. An instruction is fetched from memory
  2. The instruction is decoded
  3. The decoded instruction is executed
  4. The process is repeated
  5. The program counter is incremented
  6. The instruction is transferred to the MDR
  7. The address of the instruction to be fetched is placed in the MAR
• What does the program counter do?

  Stores the address of the next instruction to be run
• What is the role of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in the CPU?

  It performs arithmetic and logic operations
• What is an example of an arithmetic operation performed by the ALU?

  1 + 2 = 3
• What is an example of a logic operation performed by the ALU?

  2 > 1
• What is the function of the Control Unit (CU) in the CPU?

  It sends signals to coordinate the fetch decode cycle and decodes instructions
• What is the purpose of registers in the CPU?

  They provide small, fast storage with a set purpose
• What is the role of cache memory in the CPU?

  It stores frequently, recently, or next to be used instructions/data
• What does MAR stand for in the Von Neumann Architecture?

  Memory Address Register
• What is the function of the Memory Address Register (MAR)?

  It stores the address/location where data will be read/written/accessed/fetched
• What does MDR stand for in the Von Neumann Architecture?

  Memory Data Register
• What is the function of the Memory Data Register (MDR)?

  It stores the data/instruction that is fetched/read from memory
• What does the accumulator do in the CPU?

  It stores the result of the ALU's current process/calculation