Unit 4

• Who was the president during the Louisiana Purchase?

  Thomas Jefferson
• What was the significance of the Louisiana Purchase?

  It allowed for westward expansion and increased Native American conflict.
• How did Jefferson's actions during the Louisiana Purchase contradict his beliefs?

  He used broad powers to purchase land, violating his strict interpretation of the Constitution.
• What was the Embargo Act of 1807?

  It cut off all trade due to impressment and harassment from British and French forces.
• What was the result of Washington’s farewell message regarding neutrality?

  It led to the Embargo Act of 1807.
• What did the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 do?

  It reopened trade with all nations except Britain and France.
• What was the purpose of Macon’s Bill No. 2?

  It reopened trade with Britain and France.
• What was the outcome of the War of 1812?

  The Treaty of Ghent ended the war in a truce with no clear victory.
• What did the Hartford Convention signify?

  It was a meeting of Federalists planning to secede during the War of 1812.
• What was the impact of the War of 1812 on American nationalism?

  It led to a growth of American nationalism due to avoiding loss against Britain.
• Who was the president during the Era of Good Feelings?

  James Monroe
• What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine?

  It declared that European colonies were no longer allowed in the Americas.
• What did the Missouri Compromise establish?

  It prohibited slavery above the 36°30° line, except for Missouri.
• What was the Corrupt Bargain of 1824?

  It refers to the alleged deal between JQ Adams and Henry Clay that allowed Adams to win the presidency.
• How did Andrew Jackson's presidency differ from his predecessors?

  He focused more on domestic affairs rather than foreign policy.
• What is Jacksonian Democracy?

  It emphasizes a smaller government and expanded voting rights to all white men.
• What was the Indian Removal Act?

  It mandated the relocation of Native Americans to reservation lands.
• What was the Nullification Debate about?

  It involved South Carolina's threat to secede over the Tariff of Abominations.
• What was the outcome of the destruction of the Second National Bank?

  It led to the Panic of 1837.
• What political party emerged due to Jackson's policies?

  The Whigs
• What was the Market Revolution?

  It was a sudden burst of American businesses and manufacturing that reduced dependence on foreign trade.
• What were the causes of the Market Revolution?

  War of 1812, transportation improvements, and the Louisiana Purchase.
• How did transportation improvements contribute to the Market Revolution?

  They expanded the reach of markets and connected different regions of the country.
• What role did technology play in the growth of industry?

  It promoted faster production and increased demand for goods.
• What characterized the North during this period?

  It was industrialized with many factory jobs and heavy infrastructure.
• What was the social structure in the South?

  It was agriculture-based with a rigid social hierarchy dominated by aristocratic elites.
• What was the significance of the Second Great Awakening?

  It emphasized individual destiny and inspired various reform movements.
• What was the Temperance Movement?

  It was led by women concerned about the effects of alcohol on families.
• How did the abolitionist movement relate to the Second Great Awakening?

  It was inspired by the moral sentiments that grew from the Second Great Awakening.
• Who was Frederick Douglass?

  He was an influential abolitionist who inspired the movement through his writings.
• What was the impact of westward expansion on Native Americans?

  It led to loss of land and increased conflict due to American expansion.
• What was the Trail of Tears?

  It was the forced relocation of Native American tribes to reservation lands.
• What were Black Codes?

  They were customs created to restrict the actions of African Americans in Southern society.
• How did women’s roles change during this period?

  Women began gaining power and involvement in politics through various reform movements.
• What are the major connections between political and economic affairs in Period 4?

  • Political changes influenced economic policies.
  • Economic growth led to social changes and sectionalism.
  • Growing abolitionism was a response to economic and political shifts.
• What are the key social issues during Period 4?

  • Growing abolitionist movement
  • Nativism and prejudice against immigrants
  • Role of women in society
  • Impact of the Second Great Awakening
• What were the economic characteristics of the North, South, and West during this period?

  • North: Industrialized, market economy, heavy infrastructure
  • South: Agriculture-based, cash crops, reliance on slavery
  • West: Commercial farming, symbol of freedom and opportunity
• What were the major reform movements during Period 4?

  • Temperance Movement
  • Abolitionist Movement
  • Prison Asylum Reform
  • Women's Rights Movement
• How did the War of 1812 impact American society?

  • Growth of nationalism
  • Increased manufacturing independence from Britain
  • Shift in political power dynamics
• What were the effects of the Market Revolution on American society?

  • Increased manufacturing and economic self-sufficiency
  • Expansion of transportation networks
  • Growth of sectionalism between North, South, and West