Vaccination

• What is the main purpose of vaccination?

  To prevent illness in an individual
• How does vaccination help in preventing the spread of pathogens in a population?

  By immunizing individuals, which reduces the overall presence of pathogens
• What role do white blood cells play in the immune system?

  They produce antibodies against pathogens
• What happens when antibodies stick to pathogens?

  It triggers the pathogen to be destroyed
• What is introduced into the body during vaccination?

  Small quantities of dead or inactive forms of pathogens
• Why can't dead or inactive pathogens lead to disease in the patient?

  Because they are not capable of causing infection
• What do white blood cells do after being stimulated by a vaccine?

  They produce antibodies and divide by mitosis
• How long can copies of white blood cells stay in the blood after vaccination?

  For decades
• What happens if the same pathogen enters the body years later?

  The white blood cells can produce the correct antibodies quickly
• How do vaccines protect unvaccinated individuals in a population?

  By achieving herd immunity through a large number of vaccinated people
• What is herd immunity?

  Protection of unvaccinated individuals when enough people are vaccinated
• Why is it important for a large number of people to be vaccinated?

  To protect those who cannot be vaccinated
• What can you find in the vision workbook related to vaccination?

  Plenty of questions on vaccination
• How do vaccines work to prevent illness?

  • Introduce dead or inactive pathogens
  • Stimulate white blood cells to produce antibodies
  • White blood cells divide and create memory cells
  • Memory cells respond quickly to future infections
• What are the steps involved in the immune response after vaccination?

  1. Introduction of dead/inactive pathogen
  2. Stimulation of white blood cells
  3. Production of antibodies
  4. Division of white blood cells by mitosis
  5. Creation of memory cells for future response