Summary

• What are some forms of cybercrime?

  Planting viruses, acquiring personal data, and disrupting services
• How do cyber-attacks exploit human weaknesses?

  They take advantage of human gullibility
• What is malware?

  Malicious software designed to cause harm
• What is the function of antivirus software?

  To prevent malware from entering the system
• What is ransomware?

  Software that prevents access to files until a ransom is paid
• What is the purpose of spyware?

  To record actions and send data to a third party
• How many viruses are created each day?

  Around 82,000 viruses
• How do viruses spread?

  Through files, programs, or games that are downloaded
• What distinguishes worms from viruses?

  Worms do not hide within other files
• What are Trojan Horses in cybersecurity?

  Programs that pretend to be legitimate but are actually malware
• What is social engineering in the context of cybersecurity?

  The manipulation of individuals to disclose private information
• What is phishing?

  An email scam that directs users to fake websites
• How can phishing be prevented?

  By implementing network policies and firewalls
• What is pharming?

  A technique that redirects users to fake websites
• How can pharming be prevented?

  By using anti-malware and firewalls
• What is a brute force attack?

  A trial and error method to gain access to password systems
• What is the purpose of encryption?

  To make data unreadable without a key
• What is a DDoS attack?

  An attack that floods a server with excessive requests
• What is SQL injection?

  A method that exploits web input forms to manipulate databases
• What are the effects of a successful SQL injection attack?

  Bypassing authentication, executing queries, and altering data
• What is an acceptable use policy (AUP)?

  A guideline detailing acceptable behavior on a network
• What is penetration testing?

  A method to identify potential attack targets and entry points
• What is the role of ethical hackers?

  To find system vulnerabilities before malicious hackers exploit them
• What is the function of firewalls?

  To act as a barrier between attackers and the computer system
• How do strong passwords help prevent brute force attacks?

  By making it difficult for attackers to guess passwords
• What are biometric security measures?

  Security methods using physical characteristics like fingerprints
• What is the purpose of user access levels?

  To restrict access to sensitive data based on user roles
• How can poor network policy lead to security issues?

  By leaving users unaware of risks associated with their actions
• What should a network manager ensure regarding user access?

  That users can only access facilities they need
• What are the key components of a network policy?

  • Defines security rules and requirements
  • Outlines user access protocols
  • Ensures users have secure passwords
  • Regular backups and disaster recovery procedures
  • Maintenance of up-to-date security software
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of different malware types?

  Strengths:

  • Viruses replicate and spread through files
  • Ransomware can encrypt data for ransom
  • Spyware collects sensitive information

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Malware can be detected by antivirus software
  • Users can be educated to avoid phishing
  • Firewalls can block unauthorized access