AP Lang

• What is a cultural narrative?

  Stories that help a community structure and assign meaning to its experience, history, and identity.
• How do cultural narratives help communities?

  They weave together isolated examples and expose underlying patterns.
• What is a potential downside of relying too heavily on cultural narratives?

  They can lead to oversimplification and ignoring specifics based on prejudice.
• What is rhetoric?

  The art of effective speaking or writing, especially with persuasion techniques.
• What are texts in the context of rhetoric?

  Any cultural product that can be read, including fiction, nonfiction, and art.
• How do texts and rhetoric relate to each other?

  Texts are used in rhetoric to persuade an audience, and they contain rhetoric themselves.
• What is a rhetorical situation?

  A circumstance of communication that includes a subject, audience, and speaker.
• Why is knowing the audience important in a rhetorical situation?

  It helps the speaker tailor their argument to the audience's opinions and reactions.
• What does the occasion refer to in rhetoric?

  The specific circumstances and events surrounding the creation of a text.
• How can the occasion affect the rhetorical situation?

  It can enhance emotional appeal or fail to persuade depending on the context.
• What is context in relation to a rhetorical situation?

  The circumstances surrounding the situation, including historical and cultural movements.
• Why is understanding context important for a speaker?

  It helps avoid offending the audience and enhances the speaker's credibility.
• What is the purpose of a speaker?

  The goal of the speaker and their reason for writing, often to inform or persuade.
• How does the rhetorical triangle function?

  It illustrates the relationship between the speaker, audience, and subject.
• Why is understanding the rhetorical triangle important for a speaker?

  It helps the speaker prepare and avoid offending the audience.
• What is a persona in rhetoric?

  The role a speaker plays when delivering their speech, distinct from their real-life identity.
• How can a persona be useful for a speaker?

  It allows the speaker to appeal to an audience that may reject their real personality.
• What does the audience refer to in rhetoric?

  The listeners, viewers, or readers of a text, speech, or performance.
• What is the difference between primary and secondary audiences?

  The primary audience is the intended audience, while the secondary audience is not specifically addressed but still influences the speaker.
• What is the intended audience?

  The audience that is consuming the rhetoric directly and is explicitly known by the speaker.
• Why is considering the intended audience important for a speaker?

  It helps the speaker understand what will be effective in persuading them.
• What is the imagined audience?

  The audience that the speaker assumes about their intended audience when lacking concrete information.
• How is the imagined audience used in rhetoric?

  It helps build an argument before the speaker knows the intended audience.
• What is the invoked audience?

  The audience that is explicitly named by the speaker.
• What is the subject of a rhetorical argument?

  The topic of the argument.
• What does SOAPS stand for in rhetorical analysis?

  Speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, and Subject.
• How does SOAPS help in analyzing an argument?

  It breaks down an argument into its main ideas for easier examination.
• What are rhetorical appeals?

  Ethos, Logos, and Pathos used to persuade an audience.
• What is ethos in rhetoric?

  Ethos represents the speaker's moral character and credibility.
• What are the three elements of ethos?

  Phronesis, Arete, and Eunoia.
• How does ethos establish trust in an argument?

  By emphasizing shared values and establishing the speaker's credibility.
• What is authority in the context of rhetoric?

  The power or right to give orders and enforce obedience.
• How does authority relate to credibility?

  Authority can help add credibility to the speaker's argument.
• What is credibility?

  The quality of being trusted and believed, consisting of trustworthiness and expertise.
• Why is a speaker's credibility essential?

  It is crucial for convincing the audience to listen and agree with their point.
• How can a speaker build ethos?

  By establishing credibility, appearance, and tone.
• How is pathos effective in rhetoric?

  It appeals to people's emotions to gain support for a cause.
• What is the importance of understanding pathos for both speakers and audiences?

  It helps both parties effectively use emotional appeals in persuasion.
• What are the key components of cultural narratives?

  • Stories that structure community meaning
  • Situate events within cultural logic
  • Help weave together isolated examples
  • Expose underlying patterns
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of rhetoric?

  Strengths:

  • Persuasion through effective speaking/writing
  • Use of various techniques and tools

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Can be misused to manipulate
  • May oversimplify complex issues