Aerobic Respiration

• ATP produced before ETC (Electron Transfer Chain): 4 molecules produced in glycolysis (2 used up so NET is 2) and 2 produced from two turns of Krebs cycle (4 overall)
• ATP produced in ETC (each reduced NAD = 2.5 ATP and each reduced FAD = 1.5 ATP):

  • Glycolysis: 2 x reduced NAD = 5 ATP
  • Link Reaction: 2 x reduced NAD = 5 ATP
  • Krebs Cycle: 6 x reduced NAD = 15 ATP and 2 x reduced FAD = 3 ATP
  • Overall respiration Total: 32 ATP
• Efficiency: Theoretical yield of 32 ATPs for each glucose molecule is rarely achieved; in fact, respiration is only ~32% efficient: Some is used moving hydrogen from reduced NAD in glycolysis or pyruvate into mitochondria by active transport, some energy generates heat, to maintain a suitable body temperature for enzyme-controlled reactions