burger 2009

• What is the title of Burger's 2009 study?

  Replicating Milgram: Would people still obey today?
• What was the aim of Burger's 2009 study?

  To examine if obedience levels to an authority figure are still as high today as in Milgram’s studies.
• How many participants were involved in Burger's study?

  70 participants
• What was the age range of participants in Burger's study?

  20 to 81 years
• What sampling method did Burger use for his study?

  Volunteer sampling
• What were the two stages of screening in Burger's study?

  Initial screening with questionnaires and in-depth interviews by clinical psychologists.
• What was the maximum voltage used in Burger's shock generator?

  150 volts
• What task were participants instructed to perform in Burger's study?

  Administer shocks for each wrong answer given by the learner in a word-pair memory task.
• What ethical modification did Burger implement regarding the stopping point of the experiment?

  The experiment stopped at 150 volts to reduce distress.
• How did Burger ensure participants were informed about the study after it ended?

  Participants were fully debriefed and informed that the shocks were not real.
• What was the obedience rate in Burger's study?

  70% continued beyond 150 volts.
• What significant ethical improvements did Burger make compared to Milgram's study?

  Screening process, stopping at 150 volts, and immediate debriefing.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of generalisability in Burger's study?

  Strengths:

  • Diverse sample including men and women aged 20 to 81.
  • Broad pool of volunteers enhances representativeness.

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Exclusion of individuals with psychiatric disorders limits generalisability.
  • Conducted in a highly individualistic culture (USA), affecting obedience levels.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of reliability in Burger's study?

  Strengths:

  • Standardised procedure increases reliability.
  • Detailed recording allows for replication.

  
  

  Weakness:

  • Time-limited replication may affect temporal reliability.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of application in Burger's study?

  Strengths:

  • Findings applicable to modern authority contexts (workplaces, military).
  • Insights can inform ethical decision-making training.

  
  

  Weakness:

  • Artificial lab setting limits applicability to real-world situations.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of validity in Burger's study?

  Strengths:

  • High internal validity due to controlled setup.
  • Ethical adjustments justified based on Milgram’s data.

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Low ecological validity due to lab setting.
  • Demand characteristics may affect participant responses.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of ethics in Burger's study?

  Strengths:

  • Improved ethical guidelines and participant screening.
  • Right to withdraw and thorough debriefing minimized long-term impact.

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Deception regarding the study's true purpose raises ethical concerns.
  • Some participants still exhibited distress at 150 volts.
• What conclusion can be drawn from Burger's study regarding obedience to authority?

  Obedience to authority remains a powerful social influence today.
• What does Burger's study indicate about the need for further research on obedience?

  More research is needed to fully understand the complexities of obedience in modern society.