Institutionalisation and Deprivation

• What is deprivation in the context of attachment theory?

  Deprivation occurs when the attachment bond is formed but is broken later on in life.
• What is privation in attachment theory?

  Privation occurs when a child does not form any attachment at all.
• What does Bowlby’s theory of maternal deprivation propose?

  It proposes that a child’s early separation from their primary caregiver can negatively affect their emotional and social development.
• What issues can arise from maternal deprivation according to Bowlby?

  Attachment disorders, anxiety, and aggression can arise from maternal deprivation.
• How long before his attachment theory did Bowlby propose the maternal deprivation hypothesis?

  20 years before his attachment theory.
• What is the relationship between Bowlby’s maternal deprivation hypothesis and the ‘critical period’?

  The basis of his maternal deprivation hypothesis is similar to the idea of the ‘critical period’.
• What was the aim of Bowlby's 1953 study?

  To examine the maternal deprivation hypothesis and its association with behavioral disorders.
• What disorder did Bowlby coin to describe individuals with no sense of shame or guilt?

  Affectionless psychopathy.
• How many children participated in Bowlby's study?

  88 children participated in the study.
• How many of the children in Bowlby's study were identified as affectionless psychopaths?

  16 of the 44 thieves were identified as affectionless psychopaths.
• What method did Bowlby use to gather data in his study?

  Bowlby interviewed the children and their families to create a record of early life experiences.
• What were the three main findings of Bowlby's study?

  86% of affectionless psychopaths experienced prolonged attachment separation, 17% of other thieves had such separations, and 4% of the control group experienced frequent early separations.
• What conclusion did Bowlby draw from his findings?

  There is a link between early separations and later social maladjustment.
• What type of data did Bowlby's experiment collect?

  The experiment collected correlational data.
• What is a limitation of Bowlby's study regarding the data collected?

  The results only show a relationship but do not establish causation.
• What is a potential bias in Bowlby's study related to the method of data collection?

  Interviewer bias could have affected the respondents' behavior.
• What is a concern regarding the accuracy of participants' recollections in Bowlby's study?

  Participants may not remember details accurately or may have changed them over time.