paper chromatography

• What is the purpose of paper chromatography?

  To separate substances in a mixture based on their different solubilities
• What are some other separation techniques besides chromatography?

  Filtration, crystallization, simple distillation, and fractional distillation
• What type of process is chromatography?

  A physical process that does not involve chemical reactions
• What is the stationary phase in paper chromatography?

  The paper that does not move during the process
• What is the mobile phase in paper chromatography?

  The solvent that moves up the paper
• How do you determine if a color is a pure substance using paper chromatography?

  If it produces a single spot on the chromatography paper
• What happens to a more soluble substance in paper chromatography?

  It travels further up the paper than a less soluble substance
• Why do we draw the starting line in pencil for paper chromatography?

  Because pen ink could dissolve in the solvent and move up the paper
• What does a pure compound produce in all solvents during chromatography?

  A single spot
• What can be inferred if color B separates into two different spots?

  Color B is a mixture of two different colors
• How does changing the solvent affect the results of chromatography?

  The position of the spots may change, but pure colors still produce a single spot
• What is the RF value in chromatography?

  It is used to identify a compound
• What are the key steps in performing paper chromatography?

  1. Draw a pencil line near the bottom of chromatography paper.
  2. Place dots of different colors on the line.
  3. Immerse the bottom of the paper in a solvent.
  4. Allow the solvent to move up the paper and separate the colors.
  5. Analyze the resulting spots to determine purity.
• What are the characteristics of pure substances and mixtures in chromatography?

  • Pure substances produce a single spot in all solvents.
  • Mixtures may separate into multiple spots depending on solubility.