Metals

• What should you be able to identify by the end of the video?

  The positions of the metals and non-metals on the periodic table
• Where are metals located on the periodic table?

  On the left and the center of the periodic table
• What are the two broad categories of metals mentioned?

  Highly reactive metals and transition metals
• Which groups contain the highly reactive metals?

  Groups one and two
• How do transition metals compare in reactivity to metals in groups one and two?

  Transition metals are generally less reactive
• Why are noble gases unreactive?

  They have a full outer energy level
• What happens when metals react?

  They lose electrons to achieve a full outer energy level
• What electronic structure do metals achieve when they react?

  The stable electronic structure of a group zero noble gas
• What happens to lithium and sodium when they react?

  They lose their one outer electron
• What is the electronic structure of lithium after it loses its outer electron?

  It has the same electronic structure as the noble gas helium
• What is the electronic structure of sodium after it loses its outer electron?

  It has the same electronic structure as the noble gas neon
• How many electrons does aluminium have in its outer energy level?

  Three electrons
• What happens when aluminium reacts?

  It loses three outer electrons
• What is the overall charge of a lithium atom before it loses its outer electron?

  Zero
• What is the overall charge of a lithium ion after it loses its outer electron?

  One positive
• How is a lithium ion represented?

  By drawing square brackets around the ion and writing the overall charge in the top right corner
• What is the overall charge of a sodium ion?

  One positive
• How many outer electrons does a barium atom have?

  Two outer electrons
• What is the overall charge of a barium ion after it loses its outer electrons?

  Two positive
• What are the key facts about metals and their reactions?

  • Metals are found on the left and center of the periodic table.
  • They lose electrons to achieve a full outer energy level.
  • Metals always form positive ions.
• What should you do to determine the charge on a metal ion?

  1. Identify the number of outer electrons.
  2. Determine how many electrons are lost.
  3. Calculate the overall charge based on remaining electrons.
• What is the periodic table's structure regarding metals and non-metals?

  • Metals: Left and center
  • Non-metals: Right side
• What is the significance of a full outer energy level for elements?

  • It indicates stability.
  • Elements with full outer levels are generally unreactive.